Nervous system神经系统解剖.pptVIP

Nervous system神经系统 The content of the class 1.video recording: 录像 nervous system 神经系统 2.Observing slides: 玻片观察 (1)cerebrum. HE NO.31 (大脑 HE 31号) (2)cerebellum. HE NO.32 (小脑 HE 32号) (3)spinal cord. HE NO.25 (脊髓 HE 25号) (4)spinal ganglia. HE NO.24 (脊神经节 HE 24号) (5)sympathetic ganglia. HE NO.30 (交感神经节 HE 30号) 1.multipolar neuron多极神经元 HE NO.25 In low power: the spinal cord is composed of gray matter occupying a central region and white matter lying external to the gray matter. In transverse section of the spinal cord, the gray matter has the shape of a butterfly or an H. The gray matter can be divided into two anterior horns, two posterior horns and an intermediate zone between the posterior and anterior horns. The anterior horn contains somatic motor neurons. 6.Cerebrum大脑. HE NO.31 In low power: cerebral cortex is divided into 6 layers. The layers differ in neuronal morphology, size and population density. 低倍镜：大脑皮层分为六层，每层的神经元形态和密度不尽相同。 Pyramidal cells, as their name implies, have pyramid-shaped cell bodies, the apex being directed towards the cortex surface. From the apex, a thick branching dendrite, called main dendrite, passes towards the surface where it has an array of fine dendrite branches. Short basal dendrites arise from the base of the cell body, and ramify laterally. An axon, much smaller than the trunks of main dendrites in diameter, arises from the base of the cell and passes into underlying white matter. (7)Cerebellum小脑. HE NO.32 In low power: from the surface to the white matter, the cortex contains the three layers: the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer and granular layer. 皮质分三层 The molecular layer is thick. It consists of numerous unmyelinated nerve fibers and few neurons. Two kind of neurons are scattered in this layer: stellate cells and basket cells. In high power: the Purkinje cell layer consist of a single row of huge neurons called Purkinje cells, which are regularly arranged and identical to each other in morphology. The Purkin