现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语.doc

现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语 区分伴随状语和宾语补足语 伴随状语可以是with结构，也可以是进行时态。宾语补足语也可以是进行时。但是宾补表示的含义是句子的一部分。有时候伴随状语会夹在2个，中，在句子理解的时候可以丢掉。 你举的这个例子 i find agirl crying in the conner 个人认为是宾语补足语，find sb.doing 如果想用状语来表达，可以这样说 A girl,crying in the conner,looked up at me 分词短语做状语还有做什么的 引导状语从句的连词+分词=相应的状语从句。Having cleaned the windows,the students began to wash the floor.=After they had cleaned the windows,the students began to wash the floor.Praised,he will be proud.=Once/When/If he is praised,he will be proud. (时间)1.Hearing the cry for help,he rushed out.2.Having finished doing his homework,he goes on to watch TV.(条件)3.Seeing from the hill,you can get the whole town.4.Boiled,the water can be drunk.5.Given more time,I can finish all the work.(原因)6.Thinking that the petrol in the car would catch fire,they ran to the damaged car and pulled Tom out of it.(方式)7.The farmer came riding by and lent him ahand.(伴随)8.He read amagazine,waiting for the bus. 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语 非谓语动词用法归纳非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验)Driving acar during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)(3)不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。To do two things at atime is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。What Iwould suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。To work means to earn aliving.工作就是为了生活。3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。His wish is to buy aluxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。The function of Louis Sullivans architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow amp