四工位自动刀架系统设计说明书.doc

摘 要 自动换刀装置是数控机床上最普遍的一种辅助装置，它可以使数控机床在工件一次装夹中完成多种甚至所有的加工工序，以缩短加工的辅助时间，减少加工过程中由于多次安装工件而引起的误差，从而提高机床的加工效率和加工精度。 本论文是关于数控机床四工位自动回转刀架系统的设计。完成了主要部件的装配并绘制必要的零部件图，完成了整个系统的设计。其中包括自动刀架方案设计、总体结构设计、主要参数及传动机构的设计计算和电气控制部分设计。采用三相异步电动机提供动力源，蜗轮蜗杆副传递动力，螺杆螺母副传递运动，实现上刀体升降运动，用端齿盘定位，单片机进行系统控制，实现了数控机床四工位自动换刀装置的自动换刀和精确定位要求。 关键词: 数控机床；回转刀架；控制系统；单片机 Abstract It is the most general kind of servicing unit on numerical control lathe to change one hundred sheets of devices automatically, it can make the numerical control locomotive finish many kind even all processing processes while putting and inserting in once of work piece, assisting time in order to shorten processing, reduce the error caused by work piece of numerous installation in the processing course, thus improve the processing efficiency and machining accuracy of the lathe. This thesis turns the design of the system of the knife rest round automatically in four engineering location about numerical control lathe. Have finished the assembly of the main part and draw the essential spare part picture, has finished the design of the whole system. Include automatic knife design, the overall structural design, primarily the design parameters and calculation of transmission and electrical control part of the design. Adopt three different step motors to offer the power source, worm pair of worm gear transmits power, spiral shell pole spiral shell eye transmit sport while being vice, one hundred sheets of body hoist or lower sport, orientate with end tooth dish realize, one-chip computer carry on system control, realize numerical control lathe four worker location change to change knife and accurate to orientate the requirement automatically one hundred sheets of device automatically. Keywords: Numerical Controlled Machine; Turn the Knife Rest; the Control System; Single-Chip Micro目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 题目的背景和意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 存在的问题和发展趋势 2 1.4 本文主要研究内容 3 第2章 自动刀架方案设计 4 2.1 自动刀架的基本形式和应满足的要求 4 2.1.1 自动刀架的形式 4 2.1.2 自动刀