基于fpga的嵌入式系统设计_修改版.doc

摘 要 本文设计完成的是，它可以完成开发。Altera公司的Cyclone系列FPGA为核心，串口通信VGA接口、PS2接口USB接口系统采用模块化设计，各个模块之间可以自由组合，使得该的灵活性大大提高。同时丰富的接口模块，供人机交互，，满足普通高等院校、科研人员等的需求VHDL语言、Verilog HDL语言、原理图输入等多种方式，利用Altera公司提供的IP资源和Nios 32位处理器QuartusII和Nios SDK Shell软件进行编译下载，并通过进行结果验证。ABSTRACT The thesis completes a design of an embedded system development board based on FPGA.The development board can complete the design of FPGA,embeded system,SOPC and so on. The development board is based on Altera Cyclone device—EP1C6，the board extends several peripheral devices such as,FLASH,SRAM, A/D,D/A,LED,LCD,keyboard,serial port,VGA interface,PS2 interface, USB interface and so on.All the devices constitute an integrated embeded development system. The development board offers us plenty of interfaces to meet the need of the device communication and the intercommunion between human and computer,which makes the design and the embedding of the system more easier.The Nios Development Board can meet the need of scientific researchers and other college researchers. The developers can use VHDL,Verilog HDL,schematic input mode and so on to design logic circuit and function block,they can alse use the IP core and Nios microprocessor which are offered by Altera to develop embedded systems. The developers can utilize QuartusⅡ and Nios SDK Shell to compile and download,then they can use this development board to debug and validate the result. KEY WORDS: embeded system, Nios embeded CPU，SOPC，FPGA 目 录 前 言 1 第1章 绪 论 3 1.1嵌入式系统概述 3 1.1.1嵌入式系统的特点 3 1.1.2 片上系统和可编程片上系统 6 1.2 Nios嵌入式处理器 7 1.2.1 Nios嵌入式处理器特性 7 1.2.2 Nios嵌入式处理器系统组件 10 1.2.3 Avalon交换结构总线 11 第2章 Nios嵌入式系统开发板整体理论分析 16 2.1 系统设计目标 16 2.2 系统设计原理 16 2.3 开发板组件与理论分析 19 2.4 开发板电路设计原理图与PCB布线图 24 第3章 Nios嵌入式系统开发板硬件开发环境 26 3.1 硬件开发环境概述 26 3.2 FPGA：EP1C6QC240C8的特性和电路设计 26 3.2.1 特性和封装 27 3.2.2 引脚说明 28 3.2.3 工作条件 28 3.3 串行配置器件：EPCS1的特性和电路设计 28 3.3.1 Cyclone FPGA的配置 28 3.3.2串行配置器件： EPCS1/EPCS4 31 3.3.3 EPCS1的电路设计 34 3.4 SRAM：IDT71V016的特性和电路设计 34 3.4.1 器件特性 34 3.4.2 IDT71V016工作方式 35 3.