高考英语书面表达-议论文写作.ppt

Homework 1. Write an argument essay. * 湖南省湘乡市第三中学 英语组 李亚军 议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张. 作者对某一问题持有一种看法,为了使读者同意自己的看法,提出若干理由,企图说服他人. 作者在文章中提出的对某一个问题或某一类事件的看法、观点、主张，它要求要正确 、鲜明、有针对性。一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点．论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证． 证明论点正确的证据，要想证明论点的正确，首先，论据必须让人觉得真实、可信， 能够充分证明论点。其次，论据要具有典型性，能收到“以一当十”的效果。第三，论据要 新颖， 尽可能寻找一些新鲜的、能给人以新的感受和启示的论据.一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语，格言，名人名言作为论据． 议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论，只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系，才能将论据和论点融为一体，也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。 ① “一分为二”的观点．从两方面去分析一个问题,然后阐述自己的观点. ② “两者选一”的观点．分析两种事物的优劣势,阐述自己的观点. ③“我认为……”型．阐述对某一事物的客观看法. ④“怎样……（how to）”型．分析怎样解决一个问题.⑤ 看图（表）作文．通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法． “一分为二”观点的议论文模式 Introduction 第1段:Nowadays more and more people．．．/．．．plays an important part in．．．. like everything else,　．．．has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages. Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows. Main body 第2段：Firstly,.. Secondly,…In addition/What’s more… 第3段: Every coin has two sides. The negative aspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. To begin with…; To make matters worse…; Worst of all… Conclusion 第4段: Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. Therefore… “一分为二”类作文范例 说广告（about advertisement）. 提示：有人说广告在现代社会是很重要，有人认为广告的促销成分太多，你认为…… “两者选一”观点的议论文模式 模式⑴:A、B两者优劣势分析,要么选A,要么选B. Introduction 第1段:Some people hold the opinion that (A) is superior to (B) in many ways. Others, however, argue that (B) is much better. Personally, I would prefer (A) because I think (A) has more advantages. Main body 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer (A). The main reason is that … Another reason is that…(赞同A的原因) 第3段: Of course, choosing (B) also has advantages to some extent, (列出1~2个B的优势) Conclusion 第4段: But if all these factors are considered, (A) is much better than (B). from what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点) 模式⑵: A、B优势相当,依情况而定,有条件地选择A或B. Introduction