“项目成本管理”课件——English.ppt

Chapter 6:Project Cost Management Learning Objectives Understand the importance of good project cost management Explain basic cost management principles, concepts, and terms Describe the resource planning, cost estimating, cost budgeting, and cost control processes Explain the different types of cost estimates Understand what is involved in preparing a cost estimate for an IT project Perform calculations for earned value management Understand the benefits of using earned value management Describe how software can assist in project cost management Chapter Outline 6.1 The Importance of Project Cost Management 6.2 Basic Principles of Cost Management 6.3 Resource Planning 6.4 Cost Estimating 6.5 Cost Budgeting 6.6 Cost Control 6.7 Using Software to Assist in Cost Management 6.1 The Importance of Project Cost Management The Importance IT projects have a poor track record for meeting cost goals Average cost overrun from 1995 CHAOS study was 189% of the original estimates; improved to 45% in the 2001 study In 1995, cancelled IT projects cost the U.S. over $81 billion Cost and Project Cost Management Cost is a resource sacrificed or fore-gone to achieve a specific objective or something given up in exchange Costs are usually measured in monetary units like dollars Project cost management includes the processes required to ensure that the project is completed within an approved budget Project Cost Management Processes Resource planning: determining what resources and quantities of them should be used Cost estimating: developing an estimate of the costs and resources needed to complete a project Cost budgeting: allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance Cost control: controlling changes to the project budget Cost Concepts Variable cost Fixed cost Direct cost Indirect cost Tangible Intangible cost or benefits Opportunity cost Learning Curves 6.2 Basic Principles of Cost Management Basic Principles of C