地方果蔗品种种质资源形态与农艺性状的多样性分析-热带亚热带植物.PDF

热带亚热带植物学报　2015 ，23(4) ：399 ~ 404 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 地方果蔗品种种质资源形态与农艺性状的多样性 分析 李瑞美, 张树河, 李海明, 潘世明 (福建省农科院甘蔗研究所，福建 漳州 363005) 摘要： 为开发利用地方果蔗(Saccharum officinarum)的种质资源 ，对 42 份地方果蔗种质资源 18 个质量性状 的遗传多样性进行 研究 ，并对其农艺性状进行 了聚类分析 。结果表 明，各质量性状 的遗传多样性指数均较大 ，以曝光后节间颜色(2.074)和芽形状 (2.011)的最高 ，其次是叶鞘毛群 、芽位 、曝光前节间颜色、节间形状 , 多样性指数为 1.428~ 1.6153 ；再次为叶姿 、蜡粉带 、内叶耳形 状 ，多样性指数为 1.1918~ 1.2869 ，最小 的为茎形 、脱叶性和外叶耳 ，皆为 0.3712 。聚类分析可将 42 份地方果蔗种质资源划分为 高杆密生型、中径 中高型、中大径高杆型、矮杆稀疏型 4 类 。这为果蔗品种选育提供 了科学依据 。 关键词： 果蔗 ；种质资源 ；遗传多样性 ；聚类分析 doi: 10.11926/j .issn.1005–3395.2015.04.006 Diversity Analysis of Morphology and Main Agronomic Traits in Chewing Cane LI Rui-mei, ZHANG Shu-he, LI Hai-ming, PAN Shi-ming (Research Institute of sugarcane, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou 363005, China) Abstract: In order to develop and utilize the germplasms of chewing cane (Saccharum officinarum), the genetic diversity of 18 quality traits of 42 chewing cane germplasms was studied, and their agronomic traits were cluster analyzed. The results showed that genetic diversity indexes of quality traits were high, among which the internode color after exposed and bud shape were the highest at 2.074 –2.011, and those of hair group in leaf sheath, bud bit, internode colour before exposed, internode shape were 1.428–1.6153, those of leaf posture, wax band, inner auricle shape were 1.1918–1.2869, and those of stalk shape, leaf stripping, outer auricle shape were the lowest at 0.3712. Cluster analysis showed that all 42 germplasms of chewing cane could be divided into 4 groups by agronomic traits, including high stalk and dense type, medium diameter and stalk type, medium to large diameter and high stalk type, and short stalk and sparse type. These could provide scientific basis for variety breeding of chewing cane. Key words: Chewing cane; Germplasm; Genetic diversity; Cluster analysis 果蔗是一类 嚼食水果 ，皮薄质脆 、汁多且清甜 热 带 种 及 其 衍 生 品系 ，特性 优