信号分子与信号转导SignalingTransduction.pptVIP

Integrins are not monomers. They mediate their biological function through heterodimer formation and ligand binding. Ⅰ. Ion Channel Receptor structurally a channel, open or close pass through ion, ligand-gated receptor channel Ligand: neurotransmitter mainly Acetyl choline receptor Acetylcholine Binding Site Ion channel overlook side look The role of Acetylcholin Ion channel memb. electric potential change chemical signal formation cell function Ion channel Cation channel: Acetyl Choline, Glutamic acid, 5-Hydroxytrypotamine Anion channel: Glycine， γ-aminobutylic acid Ⅱ . G-protein coupling receptor –second messenger-target molecules GPCR: binding G protein with tri-subunit activate G protein GPCR a serpentine receptor, 7 transmembrane G蛋白偶联区 1. G-protein activation initiates signaling Model of transduction via G-protein ： ① ligand receptor binding ② receptor activates G-protein ③ G-protein act. or inh. target prtoein ④ change second messenger level or distribution, ⑤ second messenger affects its target molecule conformational change G-protein cycle 2. Activated G-protein alters activity of target mole. 活化的G蛋白的α亚基主要作用于生成或水解细胞内第二信使的酶，如AC、PLC等效应分子（effector），改变它们的活性，从而改变细胞内第二信使的浓度。 可以激活AC的G蛋白的?亚基称为??s（s 代表stimulate）；反之，称为?i（i代表inhibit）。 Gá Effective mole. Messenge in cyto. Target mole. as AC ↑ cAMP↑ PKA ↑ ai AC ↓ cAMP↓ PKA ↓ aq PLC ↑ Ca2+、IP3、DAG↑ PKC ↑ at cGMP-PDE ↑ cGMP↓ Na+ Chan. ↓ Ga subunit and its effect 3. Glucagon receptor - AC-cAMP-PKA pathways Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) Melanotrophin (MSH) Corticoliberin (CRH) Olfaction molecule Dopamine Parathyrin Adrenaline Prostaglandin E1, E2 Glucagon 5-HT（1a）、5-HT（2） Histamine （H2 receptor） Somatostadin Lutropin (LH) Taste molecule Signals acts by AC-cAMP-PKA pathways 4. Angiotensin II receptor - PLC-IP3/DAG-PKC Angiotensin II receptor is a GCPR ?q → PLC-IP3/DAG-PKC pathway Acetyl Choline [M1] light ( fruit fly ) 5-HT（1c） ATP Ga