第12章 典型仪器中集成电路.pptVIP

* * * 第12章 典型仪器中集成电路 集成电路芯片及应用 2011年12月 脉搏血氧计（Pulse oximeters） Pulse oximeters noninvasively measure or continuously monitor oxygen saturation in arterial blood to ensure that there is sufficient oxygenation. Typical applications include people with respiratory problems who are under anesthesia, neonates, and critically ill patients. finger, toe, or ear transmissive optical techniques or reflective techniques. 脉搏血氧计（Pulse oximeters） Functional block diagram of a pulse oximeter Principle of operation Operation is based on the light absorption characteristics of hemoglobin(血红蛋白) in the blood. Oxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more infrared light than red light, and deoxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more red light than infrared light. Thus, red and infrared LEDs in the oximeter alternately transmit light, and a photodiode receives the light that is not absorbed. The ratio of the red and infrared light received by the photodiode is used to calculate the percentage of oxygen in the blood. Based on the pulsatile nature of arterial blood flow, the pulse rate and strength are also determined and displayed during the measurement cycle. 1-Wire memory A unique 64-bit serial identification number store calibration coefficients how many times the sensor can be used before replacement Sensor cable calibration driving the LEDs Photodiode interface low input current input current noise and input voltage noise high-voltage operation. removing the ambient portion compensate for changing environmental factors and the aging of optical components. high SNR and sample rate Ultra-low-noise, high-voltage operational amplifier MAX9945 Low-noise front-end extends oxygen saturation measurement range –– Up to 38V supply voltage –– Low 1fA/√Hz input-current noise –– Low 15nV/√Hz input-voltage noise Increases saturation measurement accuracy –– Low 50fA input-bias current –– 3MHz unity-gain bandwidth –– Rail-to-rail output-voltage swing Enables smaller, lower power pulse oximeters –– 400μA quiesce