Bill Gates2010TED演讲稿.docxVIP

Bill Gates2010年TED演讲稿Im going to talk today about energy and climate.And that might seem a bit surprising becausemy full-time work at the foundation is mostly about vaccines and seeds,about the things that we need to invent and deliverto help the poorest two billion live better lives.But energy and climate are extremely important to these people,in fact, more important than to anyone else on the planet.The climate getting worse, means that many years their crops wont grow.There will be too much rain, not enough rain.Things will change in waysthat their fragile environment simply cant support.And that leads to starvation. It leads to uncertainty. It leads to unrest.So, the climate changes will be terrible for them.Also, the price of energy is very important to them.In fact, if you could pick just one thing to lower the price of,to reduce poverty, by far, you would pick energy.Now, the price of energy has come down over time.Really, advanced civilization is based on advances in energy.The coal revolution fueled the industrial revolution,and, even in the 1900s weve seen a very rapid decline in the price of electricity,and thats why we have refrigerators, air-conditioning,we can make modern materials and do so many things.And so, were in a wonderful situation with electricity in the rich world.But, as we make it cheaper -- and lets go for making it twice as cheap --we need to meet a new constraint,and that constraint has to do with CO2.CO2 is warming the planet,and the equation on CO2 is actually a very straightforward one.If you sum up the CO2 that gets emitted,that leads to a temperature increase,and that temperature increase leads to some very negative effects.The effects on the weather and, perhaps worse, the indirect effects,in that the natural ecosystems cant adjust to these rapid changes,and so you get ecosystem collapses.Now, the exact amount of how you mapfrom a certain increase of CO2 to what temperature will beand where the positive feedbacks are,theres some