093229杨善让 冷却水污垢主要特性参数的检测与推算.docVIP

中国工程热物理学会 传热传质学 学术会议论文 编号：093229 冷却水污垢主要特性参数的检测与推算1 杨善让*1 姚华12 孙云伟11 曹生现1 徐志明1 （1.东北电力大学节能与测控技术研究中心，吉林 吉林 132012； 2.浙江大学机械与能源工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027） *Tel:0432-4888951；Email：sryang@public.jl.jl.cn 摘要：基于自行研制的四瓣弧形管污垢特性参数检测传感器，通过搭建多功能模拟实验系统，利用电导滴定法和垂直、水平两对电极间交流阻抗的比较，完成了碳酸钙污垢诱导期的在线实时、准确测量。实验结果的初步分析表明：在当前的实验条件下，碳酸钙析晶垢诱导期要小于颗粒垢的，这是两类污垢形成机理的差异所致。本文采用的方法和设计研制的设备不仅能够准确监测碳酸钙垢诱导期，还有望同期检测传热面污垢层厚度等参数的实时变化，可为特定工质、特定运行条件下的换热器设计提供逼真度最高的污垢系数值。 关键词：诱导期；碳酸钙垢；析晶垢；颗粒垢；四瓣弧形管传感器；多功能模拟实验系统 Abstract: Based on the four-flap-arc tube measuring sensor devised by ourselves, through the multi-function simulation experiment system, the induction periods of calcium carbonate were obtained accurately on line and in real time by means of the comparison between conductometric titration and AC impedance of electrode couples in the vertical and horizontal directions. The preliminary analysis of experimental results shows that under the present experiment conditions, the induction period of crystallization fouling was shorter than that of particulate fouling, which was resulted from the difference of the formation mechanism for the type of fouling. The method proposed in this paper and the device mentioned above can not only monitor the induction period of fouling, but simultaneously detect the changes of fouling layer thickness, which also can offer a high fidelity fouling factor for the design of heat exchangers under the given working fluid and operation conditions. Keywords: induction period; calcium carbonate fouling; precipitation (or crystallization) fouling; particulate fouling; four-flap-arc tube measuring sensor; multi-function simulation experiment system 0 前言IHS ESDU[1]将化学反应污垢列入冷却水污垢之列，只是针对添加了防冻剂的冷却水这个特例，不具普遍性。四类污垢中，后两类垢可通过壁面材料选择、添加适量防腐剂、杀生剂而被有效抑制，而前两类则几乎是所有冷却水污垢中都存在的成分，又最难被彻底清除，因而被研究得最多，认识也最深入[2]。虽然如此，碳酸钙垢的成垢机理及其诱导期，目前都还没有一个能经得起实验检验的、普适的理论模型。而工程应用却迫切要求尽可能准确、定量预测碳酸钙垢的一些特性参数，诸如：