五中量元素.pptVIP

2.2 Protein Synthesis Mg also has an essential function as a bridging element for the aggregation of ribosome subunits, a process that is necessary for protein synthesis. Mg is also required for polymerases and hence for the formation of RNA in the nucleus. Synthesos (μg/mlsuspension) 8 10 20 0 16 24 8 16 24 0 50 100 Mg A Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Time (h) B Effect of magnesium on (A)RNA and (B)protein synthesis in chlorella pyrenoidosa suspension culture(Based on Galling, 1963.) In leaf cells at least 25% of the total protein is localized in chloroplasts. Which explains why a deficiency of Mg particularly affects the size, structure, and function of chloroplast. Lower chlorophyll contents in Mg-deficiency leaves are caused by inhibited protein synthesis rather than a lack of Mg2+. 2.3 Enzyme Activation and Energy Transfer There is a long list of enzyme reactions which require or are promoted by Mg2+: phosphatases and ATPase; RuBP carboxylase; fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase The substrate for most ATPases is Mg.ATP 3 Response of Plants to Mg Deficiency 缺乏症 在中下部叶片有较明显的症状 叶色褪淡，脉间失绿，呈清晰的绿色网状脉纹 单子叶植物叶脉上有间断串珠状绿色斑块，双子叶植物叶片上有紫红色斑块。 油菜：叶脉失绿，叶片变黄，有褐色斑点 烟草 菜豆 番茄 甘蓝 花椰菜 萝卜 茄子 1 Content and Distribution of sulfur in Plants 2 Assimilation of sulfur 3 Nutrition Function of sulfur 4 Response of Plants to Sulfur Deficiency 5 Molecular and physiological aspects of Sulfur uptake in plants Section 3 Sulfur 1 Content and Distribution of sulfur in Plants Content: 0.1~0.5% Cruciferaes legume cereal Distribution: major located in leaves before flowering; transfer to other organs after mature. Two major forms of sulfur in plants: inorganic and organic: Inorganic: SO42-; Organic: sulfur-containing amino acid. Sulfur taken by plants first satisfies the demand of organic sulfur synthesis. Superfluous sulfur is stored at vacuole. 3 Nutrition Function of sulfur 3.1 protein synthesis S is a constituent of cysteine and methionine