中考英语近义词83组辨析梳理.doc

近义词83组辨析梳理： 1、 say/ speak/ talk/ tell Ⅰ. say “说、讲”普通用语，指用言语表达思想，强调所说的内容。如： What did he say? 他说了些什么？ He said that it was true. 他说那是真实的。 Ⅱ. speak “说、讲”可表示以任何一种方式说话。它着重于说话这一动作本身。而不强调所说的内容。为不及物动词。作及物动词时与表语言的词连用。如： Please speak more slowly. 请说得慢一些。 The baby is learning to speak. 这小孩在学说话。 She can speak English fluently. 她英语说得很流利。 Ⅲ. talk “谈话、讲话”，通常表连贯地与别人谈话。强调谈话这一动作，而不是内容。如： He was talking to a friend. 他在和一个朋友谈话。 Ｈe went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said. 他滔滔不绝地讲了半天，但是他说得太快，我们几乎没有什么人能听懂他说的些什么。 She is always talking nonsense. 她总爱讲废话。 Ⅳ. tell “告诉、讲述”指将某事讲给别人听。它有时还有“吩咐、命令”等含义。如： He told the news to everybody in the village. 他把这消息告诉了村子里的每个人。 She told me not to write the letter. 她叫我不要写信了。 2、see watch notice see，强调看的结果。有意识或无意识地看。see a film. look，强调看的动作。 watch，强调注视动静变化之意。 notice，强调有意识地注意，从没没注意到注意到了的变化。 3、hear of , hear from, hear about. hear of意指间接地“听到”“听说”后接名词性质的词。如I have never heard of him before. 我以前从来没有听说过他。 注意：hear of与hear about的意义相近，这两个词组在英语中有时可以通用。它们含有“听人说起”，“从书报上看到关于”等意义。例如： I’ve never heard of him. 我从来没有听说过他。 Have you heard about him from anywhere?你从什么地方听到过他吗？ (3) hear from指“收到……的来信”与get or receive a letter from 同义，其宾语应是人，而不是信。如： I often hear from my parents.我经常收到父母的来信。?[?reb?l] were forced to give in. 叛乱者被迫投降. * Shes a gutsy [g?tsi] player, she never gives in. 她是个勇敢的选手, 从不屈服. * The authorities [?:?θ?riti] showed no signs of giving in to the [kidn?p?] kidnappers demands. 当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象. give up v.放弃, 抛弃, 戒除, 交出；(oneself)自首 e gave himself up (to the police). 他（向警方）投案了abandon an attempt to do sth 放弃做某事的尝试: They gave up without a fight. 他们不战而降. * She doesnt give up easily. 她做任何事都不轻易放弃. * I give up; tell me what the answer is. 我认输, 告诉我答案吧.realize achieve：实现成绩、目标，主语是人。 realize：实现，意识到，多指意识到某种道理、规律什么的，主语是人。 come true：实现，多指梦想、蓝图、计划，主语是梦想蓝图计划什么的。 意思有区别的，可以根据上下文意思区分。不过come true和realize好像更多的用于Dream；achieve则更多的用于goal或者直接跟sth.用法是 achieve sth. realize ones dream; realize sth.(也可以表示“意识到。。”） make ...(dream/..) come