全新主题大学英语精读3 词汇讲解与参考译文.doc

Unit Four Western Economics 101 Section A Adam Smith extension: n. 1) [U] extending or being extended 伸展；延长；被延长 The extension of scientific knowledge has benefited us a lot. 科学知识的普及让我们受益良多。 2) [C] extra period of time 宽限的期限 I am going to ask for an extension on this essay. 我打算请求延期交这篇文章。 Local shops have been granted an extension to opening hours. 当地商店已经被允许延长营业时间。 Will the bank give you an extension on the loan? 银行会给你延长贷款期限吗？ by extension: something being naturally connected to or being a natural result of something else 自然地，当然地 She hates all businessmen and, by extension, me. 她恨所有的生意人，当然也包括我。 His report contained serious criticisms of the finance director, and by extension, of the entire management. 他的报告包括对财政主任的严厉批评，当然，也批评了整个管理层。 rear: vt. bring up and educate (children) 抚养，养育；培养（子女） He put forward many scientific methods of rearing children. 他提出很多科学的育儿方法。 It is far from easy for an eighty-year-old grandma to rear two grandsons all by herself. 独自一人养育两个外孙，对一个80岁的老奶奶来说绝非易事。 n. (the ~) back part of anything 后部，后边，后面；背后 The rear of the house was seriously damaged. 房子的后边破损严重。 The main entrance is at the rear. 大门在后边。 2. ponder: v. think carefully about something for a long time before reaching a decision 仔细思索；斟酌 As I pondered over the whole situation, an idea struck me. 我在思考整件事情的时候，突然想到了一个主意。 Lisa pondered for a while before answering. 莉莎仔细考虑了一会儿才回答。 Esteban sat pondering the state of his marriage. 埃斯特班坐下来，细细地思考着他的婚姻状况。 exempt: a. 被免除（义务、责任等）的，被豁免的 The interest is exempt from income tax. 利息收入免征所得税。 Currently, developing nations are exempt from certain restrictions on carbon emissions. 当前发展中国家可以不受某些有关二氧化碳排放量规定的限制。 be a slave of / to: be completely influenced by something so that you cannot make your own decisions 完全受……的控制 be a slave to duty / convention / drink 被职务/习俗/杯中物所左右的人 A lot of kids nowadays are slaves of fashion. 当今许多孩子都成了时尚的奴隶。 5. come and go (Para. 2): exist or be present in a place for a short time and then stop or dep