Test 5 词汇与结构.docVIP

Test 5 1 主谓一致 【1】当the rest, the last, all, most, half, none等作主语时，谓语动词形式取决于其所代表的名词：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。 关于主谓一致，参见P8. 2 时间 If从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 过去 Had done Would/should/could/might +have done 现在 Did/were Would/should/could/might +do 将来 Did/were to/should do Would/should/could/might +do 5 动名词的逻辑主语；某些动词后面接动名词admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, imagine, mind, miss, practice, postpone, quit, resist, risk, suggest, quit, enjoy, finish.(如考到后两词，那属于弱智题，这类弱智题曾在03p5345、46、51出现过)。 Deserve, need, require, want以及形容词worth后接动名词，但主动形式表示被动意义。 Be accustomed to, be used to, devote to, dedicate to, look forward to, lead to, contribute to, object to, stick to, get down to, see to.这里的to 都是介词，后面只能接动名词。be busy, cannot help, confess to, give up, have trouble(in), have difficulty(in ), it is no use/good 7倒装 1 当句首为here, there, up, down, away, now等副词，谓语动词为be, go, come等时，主谓要完全倒装，但主语若是人称代词，则主谓不用倒装。 Now comes your turn. Here he comes. 2 否定词或带有否定意义的短语位于句首时，要倒装，如hardly, never, rarely, seldom, not only…but also, at no time, no sooner…than，hardly…when等。 Little did he realize that he had made a serious mistake in the experiment. No sooner had he come into the room than the telephone rang. 3 only+状语位于句首时，要倒装。 Only in this way can we solve the problem. 4 在so/such…that结构中，so/such位于句首时，要倒装。 So clear was the statement that it couldn’t be misunderstood. 5 as 引导的让步状语从句可用倒装表示强调。 Young as he is, he is quite experienced in this work. Child as he is, he can speak English fluently. 8 could have done 表示本来能够，习惯上没有can have done 这种表达法。 May/might have done 表示对过去发生事件的推测，表示有可能。 10 强调句句型。强调句的基本句型：it is/was +被强调的句子成分+that/who(注意强调人的时候，可以用who)+句子的其他成分。被强调的成分可以是除了谓语之外的任何成分。 It was Doctor Smith that(who)gave us a lecture last week. It was last summer that my daughter learned to swim. It was in my bag that I found the book. 注意主谓一致：it is I that am to present the program. 注意不和it was so/such …that 混淆 11 conjure up犹如变魔术一般突然出现。Make for 走向，前进，有利于，移向，攻击，造成。Rest on sth 依据，根据 his fame rests more on his