matrxi theory 矩阵论大作业 范数证明部分.docx

Chapter1. Introduction of normed vector space1.1 Definition of normed vector spaceSuppose that V is a vector space on field P, ifthe mappingsatisfies the following rules,The zero vector, 0, has zero length; every other vector has a positive length. if and if and only if x=0.Multiplying a vector by a positive number changes its length without changing its direction.Moreover,for any scalar.The triangle inequality holds. That is, taking norms as distances, the distance from point A through B to C is never shorter than going directly from A to C, or the shortest distance between any two points is a straight line.for any vectors x and y. (triangle inequality).The generalization of these three properties to more abstract vector spaces leads to the notion of norm. A vector space on which a norm is defined is then called a normed vector space.1.2 Introduction of some norms1.2.1 Taxicab norm or Manhattan normThe name relates to the distance a taxi has to drive in a rectangular street grid to get from the origin to the point X.The set of vectors whose 1-norm is a given constant forms the surface of a cross polytope of dimension equivalent to that of the norm minus 1. The Taxicab norm is also called the norm. The distance derived from this norm is called the Manhattan distance or distance.The 1-norm is simply the sum of the absolute values of the columns.1.2.2p-normWhere p≥1.For p = 1 we get the taxicab norm, for p = 2 we get the Euclidean norm, and as p approachesthe p-norm approaches the infinity norm or maximum norm. The p-norm is related to the generalized mea or power mean.1.2.3 Maximumnorm (special case of infinity norm, uniform norm)Chapter 2.,and2.1determinations of ,andThe definition ofisFrom it we get that is the number of , if ≠0 .Obviously, it satisfies the first and the third rule. But it violates the second rule, for example:When k=2 and i=10, while So is not a validvector norm.The here is not same with the above. Here, means:Obviously, it fit the first and