国民经济核算课程基于网络考核改革.66.pptVIP

SORA;LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE LEONARDO DA VINCI SORA – ITALY COMENIUS 1.3 “ENCOHAN - ENERGY IN THE CONSUMERS’ HANDS” 2005 - 2008;LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE LEONARDO DA VINCI SORA – ITALY COMENIUS 1.3 “ENCOHAN - ENERGY IN THE CONSUMERS’ HANDS “ 2005 - 2008;DRINKING BIRD ;;DRINKING BIRD ;If a glass of water is placed so that the beak dips into it on its descent, the bird will continue to absorb water and the cycle will continue as long as there is enough water in the glass to keep the head wet. However, the bird will continue to dip even without a source of water, as long as the head is wet, or as long as a temperature differential is maintained between the head and body. This differential can be generated without evaporative cooling in the head -- for instance, a heat source directed at the bottom bulb will create a pressure differential between top and bottom that will drive the engine. The ultimate source of energy is heat in the surrounding environment -- the toy is not a perpetual motion machine.;1) Heat engine A heat engine is a physical or theoretical device that converts thermal energy to mechanical output. The mechanical output is called work, and the thermal energy input is called heat. Heat engines typically run on a specific thermodynamic cycle. Heat engines are often named after the thermodynamic cycle they are modeled by. They often pick up alternate names, such as gasoline/petrol, turbine, or steam engines. Heat engines can generate heat inside the engine itself or it can absorb heat from an external source. Heat engines can be open to the atmospheric air or sealed and closed off to the outside (Open or closed cycle). In engineering and thermodynamics, a heat engine performs the conversion of heat energy to mechanical work by exploiting the temperature gradient between a hot source and a cold sink. Heat is transferred from the source, through the working body of the engine, to the sink, and in this process some of the heat is converted into wor