XX届高考英语一轮复习名词性从句讲解.docVIP

2011届高考英语一轮复习讲解:名词性从句 【知识要点】 一、在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 如:Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me.(主语从句)? I don’t know what he means.(宾语从句)? I’m glad that you are here.(宾语从句用在形容词之后)? The teacher is satisfied with what you have done.(介词宾语从句)? That was because he was ill.(表语从句)? The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all.(同位语从句)?? 二、引导名词性从句的连接词? 连接词 词义 功能 that 无词义 不作成分,只起连接?作用? whether/if 是否] 不作成分,起连接作用 what,which 什么,哪个 作主语、宾语、表语 who,whom,whose 谁,谁的 作主语、宾语、定语 when,where,how,why 什么时候/地方,怎么样,为什么 作状语 how many/much 多少 作定语 how soon/often/long/much 多久,多久一次,多长,多么 作状语 词义及功能同疑问词 whateveranything that 无论什么 作主语、宾语、表语、?定语 whoseveranyone whose 无论谁的 作主语、宾语、定语、?表语 whicheveranything that 无论哪个 作宾语、定语、主语、表语 whoeveranyone who 无论谁 作主语 whomeveranyone whom 无论谁 作宾语 1.that引导的从句如果作介词宾语只可用在except,in,but,besides等少数介词后。如: I could say nothing but that I’m sorry.? that引导的从句可作it的同位语从句。如:? You may depend upon it that all the goods will be delivered in time. 2.that引导宾语从句时可省略;引导其他名词性从句时,一般不省略,特别是引导主语从句且位于句首时。如:? That the earth is round is true. The fact that he is a thief got around.? 注意:下面一句中,第一个that可省略,第二个that不可省略:? He said(that) he had been working here for ten years and that he wanted to go home. 3.whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别。 (1)在引导宾语从句时whether与if可互换,但如果和or not连用则只用whether。如: I don’t know whether or not he can stay here longer.? (2)如果宾语从句是否定结构,则用if而不用whether引导。如:? He asked me if I wasn’t going there.? (3)介词宾语从句只能用whether引导。如:? I’m not interested in whether he is rich.? (4)引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句一般多用whether。如:? The question is whether you can do it yourself.? The question whether he will come here himself isn’t decided yet.? Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.? (5)用it作形式主语时,whether或if都可以引导主语从句。如:? It is not clear to me whether/if he likes the present. 4.注意what/whatever;who/whoever;which/whichever的区别。试比较下列句子:? Whoever will go to the co