大脑纵裂.ppt

Telencephalon 端 脑 External feature The telencephalon consists of right and left cerebral hemisphere, partially separated by cerebral longitudinal fissure 大脑纵裂. cerebral transverse fissure 大脑横裂. Sulci and gyri of Superolateral surface Sulci and gyri of Superolateral surface Medial surface Inferior surface Histology of the cerebral cortex archicortex 原皮质 (hippocampal formation) paleocortex 旧皮质 (rhinencephalon ) neocortex 新皮质 (most of cerebral cortex)： 1. Primary motor area 第I 躯体运动区 Located in precentral gyrus and anterior portion of paracentral lobule 中央前回和中央旁小叶前部 1. Primary motor area 第I 躯体运动区 Characters (1) The body is represented in the motor area as inverted, but head and face are upright (2) send out fibers to controll the voluntary movements of contralateral limbs. (3) the size of cortical area representing parts of the body is determined by the functional importance of the part. 2. Primary somatic sensory area------  第I 躯体感觉区 Lies in postcentral gyrus and posterior portion of paracentral lobule 中央后回和中央旁小叶后部。 3. Visual area 视区 Lie on either side of calcarine sulcus 距状沟上下方皮质 in medial surface of occipital lobe 4. Auditory area 听区 Located in transverse gyri 颞横回 Receive auditory information from both ears Language area 语言中枢it is dominant in left hemisphere in right-handed person Visual speech area 视觉性语言中枢 (1) Located in angular gyrus 角回 (2) Lesion: alexia 失读症 Ⅲ. Internal structures 1. lateral ventricle 侧脑室 a) Central part 中央部: lies in parietal lobe b) Anterior horn 前角: extends into frontal lobe c) Posterior horn 后角 extend into occipital lobe d) Inferior horn下角: extend into temporal lobe Ⅲ. Internal structures 1. lateral ventricle侧脑室 2.Basal nuclei: deep within base of cerebral hemisphere 3.White matter -- cerebral medullary substance Cerebral arcuate fibers