粉末冶金英语翻译.pptVIP

Powder metallurgy(Fig.5.1) uses sintering process for making various parts out of metal powder. The metal powder is compacted by placing in a closed metal cavity (the die) under pressure. 粉末冶金(图5.1)采用烧结工艺将金属粉末制成各种各样的零件。金属粉末放在封闭的金属腔(模具)中在压力下被压实。 This compacted material is placed in an oven and sintered in a controlled atmosphere at high temperatures and the metal powders coalesce and form a solid. A Second pressing operation, repressing, can be done prior to sintering to improve the compaction and the material properties. 被压实的材料置于炉内烧结，在高温下炉内环境可控，金属粉末熔合形成固体。在烧结前可以进行二次挤压作业(再挤压)以改善压实状态和材料性能。 Powder metallurgy is a highly developed method of manufacturing reliable ferrous and nonferrous parts. Made by mixing elemental or alloy powders and compacting the mixture in a die, the resultant shapes are then sintered or heated in a controlled atmosphere furnace. 粉末冶金是一种高度发达的制造可靠铁或非铁零件的方法。通过混合元素或合金粉末并在模具中压实混合物，再烧结或在环境可控炉内加热制成最终形状。 Material 材料 The majority of the structural components produced by fixed die pressing are iron-based. The powders are elemental, pre-alloyed, or partially alloyed. 大多数用固定模压制的结构件都是铁基的。粉末可以是单一元素、预先合金或部分合金。 Elemental powders, such as iron and copper, are easy to compress to relatively high densities, produce pressed compacts with adequate strength for handling during sintering, but do not produce very high strength sintered parts. 诸如铁、铜之类的单一元素粉末较容易被压得相对密度较高、生产具备足够强度的压制物供烧结处理，但是无法制造出很高强度的烧结零件。 Pre-alloyed powders are harder, less compressible and hence require higher pressing loads to produce high density compacts. However, they are capable of producing high strength sintered materials. 预先合金粉末比较硬、不容易压实，因此需要较高的挤压力来产生高密度的压制物。然而它们能生成高强度烧结材料。 Pre-alloying is also used when the production of a homogeneous material from elemental powders requires very high temperatures and long sintering times. The best examples are the stainless steels, whose chromium and nickel contents have to be pre-alloyed to