高考英语定语从句用法及其功能高考英语定语从句用法及其功能.pptVIP

定语从句 定义及其作用： 定语从句是中学阶段英语语法中十分重要的一个语法项目，它在句子中出现的频率很高。对正确理解句子的意义起着举足轻重的作用。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 先行词的作用 被定语从句所修饰的名词或 代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用： 一、引导定语从句 二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。 理解和牢记这两条概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 使用that的情况： 1、当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2、当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 eg. I have some books that are very good. 3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 5、当先行词又有人又有物时。 eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 只能使用which的情况。 1、非限制性定语从句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介词之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary. Consolidation exercises. Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns. 1. This is the only book ____ I got last year. 2. Is this the book in ____ you are interested? 3. This is the largest animal ____ Tom saw in the zoo. 4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers____ exist (存在)in the mother school. 5. All the desks ____ are bought look really wonderful. 6. Do you have any money ____is used to build the factory? 7. Tom has a toy, ____ was given by his father. 8. This is the second watch ____ my father bought for me. that which that that that that which that 修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。 当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。 eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there? 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。 eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys. 关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。 eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful. Mary has a very good dog, w