热能与动力工程专业英语翻译2.6.docx

Every free surface emits energy in the form of electromagnetic waves; the amount of energy is a function of the surface temperature. This emitted energy is known as radiant thermal energy. The nature of this radiant energy is not completely understood, but laws have been formulated that describe its behavior. It is recognized that, as with other forms of radiant energy , radiant heat energy is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves. The complete formulation of the laws governing radiant heat energy must consider that this energy is quantized, that is, the energy is transferred in quanta. In contrast with other modes of heat transfer, no medium is required to transmit radiant energy. In fact some gases, for instance, carbon dioxide and water vapor, absorb some of the radiant energy passing through them.每一个自由表面都会以电磁波的形式发射能量，能量的量是表面温度的函数。这种发射的能量被称为辐射热能。这种辐射能的性质是不完全理解的，但已经制定了法律，描述其行为。这是公认的，与其他形式的辐射能，辐射热能以电磁波形式传播。控制辐射能的法律的制定必须考虑到这种能量是量子化的，即，能量转移量子。与其他模式相比，传热，无需介质传输辐射能。事实上，例如，二氧化碳和水蒸气，吸收一些辐射能通过它们。 For a fixed set of conditions, any free surface emits radiant energy of varying wavelengths. The frequency of vibration (v) of radiant waves is dependent solely on the source of radiation and is independent of the medium through which they pass. The velocity of radiant waves is a function solely of the medium through which they pass. Thus, the wavelength is a function of both the source and the medium.对于一个固定的条件，任何自由表面发射的辐射能的不同波长。辐射波的振动频率是完全依赖于辐射源，是独立的介质，通过它们传递。辐射波的速度是一个函数的介质，通过它们传递。因此，波长是源和介质的函数。 All free surfaces receive radiant energy from all other surfaces that they can “see,” that is , surfaces in direct line of sight. Most problems in radiant deal with the net radiant energy exchanged between a given surface and those that surround it. In common parlance, the term ”heat exchanged by radiation” is used. It must be emphasized, however, that radiation is not heat. Heat is conducted to a surface. By virtue of the temperature of a surface, electromagnetic waves transm