中国的大国之路.doc

中国的大国之路 CHINA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY 作者：英国《金融时报》首席经济评论员 马丁?沃尔夫 China is a rapidly emerging economic superpower. Yet China is still far from a high-income country. What does this novel combination mean for China itself and for its place in the world? 中国是一个正在迅速崛起的经济超级大国。但它距离成为高收入国家仍有很长的一段路要走。对中国自身及其在世界上的地位而言，这一不寻常的组合意味着什么？ In setting out to address that question, we must start with the obvious point. A country with such a huge and growing impact on the world cannot ignore its effect on others. The defining characteristic of such a superpower is that it cannot expect to remain a free rider. What it does and does not do has consequences for the entire global system. As William Shakespeare might have said, China has achieved greatness and now has responsibility thrust upon it. 要解答这个问题，我们必须从显而易见的一点出发。一个对世界拥有巨大且越来越大影响的国家，不能忽视自己对其它国家的影响。这样一个超级大国的关键特征是，它不能指望继续“搭便车”。中国无论做什么与不做什么，都会对整个全球体系产生影响。套用威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespear)的话说，中国已达到了伟大的境界，如今面对着随之而来的责任。 Defining China’s interests 界定中国的利益 China needs to develop a policy not just for its interaction with the global economic system, but also for the development of that system. In doing so, it will have to start from a definition of its national interests, values and objectives. I would argue that China抯 overwhelming national interest lies in maintaining a stable, peaceful and co-operative global political and economic environment. It is only in such an environment that China can be confident of maintaining rapid economic development. 中国需要研究出一套政策，不仅面向其与全球经济体系的互动，也服务于全球经济体系的发展。为此，它必须首先界定自己的国家利益、价值观与目标。我认为，中国至高无上的国家利益，在于维持稳定、和平与合作的全球政治与经济环境。只有在这样的环境中，中国才能有信心保持快速的经济发展。 How should China, as one of the world’s leading powers, seek to achieve that objective? Broadly, I would argue that this interest would be best secured via development of a rules-governed, institutionally-based global system. With this general objective in mind, I want to discuss four principal areas of policy: finance; money; trade and direct investment; and natura