基于S3C2410的Linux移植.doc

摘　　要 在嵌入式系统里基于ARM的嵌入式处理器已经成为市场主流移植操作系统是开发嵌入式系统的前提和基础而嵌入式操作系统的移植比较复杂。通过将嵌入式Linux 2. 6内核移植到S3C2410处理器的目标板上, 提出了嵌入式Linux移植的方法与具体实现过程。编译生成的内核在嵌入式系统中运行稳定制作的根文件系统可以通过RAMdisk方式正常加载进内核。结果证明方法可行同时对于开发其它类型的嵌入式系统具有一定的参考意义。 本文描述了将Linux移植到基于S3C2410 处理器目标板上的方法与过程介绍了目标平台和Linux并说明了如何搭建移植环境,着重介绍了Bootlaoder 的架构和功能以及Linux内核的移植。结果证明该方法是可行的。移植后Linux在嵌入式系统中运行良好。 Abstract ARM processor has already become the lead in the market of embedded system. Port ing operating system is the precondition and the found ation for the development of an embedded system. However, porting embedded operating system can be very comp licated. This paper discusses the method and the steps of porting embedded Linux by porting embedded Linux 2. 6 kernel inside the targetboard of S3C2410 processor. The compiled L inux kernelcirculating in the embedded system shows stability and the root file system can be no rmally loaded into kernel by Ramdisk. The resultp roved that the method is wo rkable and has imp licat ions for other embedded operating system. The method and process of porting Linux to the board based on S3C2410 processor are described. Firstly , the target platform and Linux are introduced in this paper. Meanwhile , the hardware architecture of the board is presented. The structure and function of Bootloader and the porting of Linux kernel are discussed in detail. The ported Linux works well in the embedded system. 目　　录 摘　　要 1 Abstract 2 引　　言 1 1配置环境 1 1.1硬件环境 1 1.1.1主机硬件环境 2 1.1.2目标板硬件环境 2 1.1.3工具介绍 2 1.2软件环境 2 1.2.1主机软件环境 2 1.2.2 Windows 操作系统 2 1.2.3 Linux操作系统 3 1.2.4目标板最后运行的环境 3 2 嵌入式系统Linux概述 4 2.1 Linux的诞生与发展 4 2.2嵌入式Linux系统开发模式 4 2.3嵌入式Linux系统开发流程 5 2.4Linux内核结构 7 2.4.1Linux内核概述 7 3 GNU交叉工具链 9 3. 1交叉开发模型 9 3. 2交叉编译工具的安装 9 3. 3主机开发环境的配置 10 4 u-boot的移植 11 4.1u-boot移植 11 4.1.1 Boot loader 启动流程 11 4.1.2u-boot 移植主要步骤 11 5 linux 2.6内核的移植 13 5.1内核移植基础 13 5.2修改Makefile 13 5.3设置flash分区 14 5.3.1指明分区信息 14 5.3.2指定启动时初始化 17 5.3.3禁止Flash ECC校验 17 5.4配置内核 18 5.4.1支持启动时挂载devfs 18 5.4.2配置内核产生.config文件 18 5.4.3编译内核