长难句44及注释.docx

(01) (10-R-1) We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. (49 words)?【译文】我们甚至感到陌生的是：从20世纪初期到第二次世界大战之前，这一期间的英国报纸评论内容不拘一格。那时候报纸非常便宜，而且人们认为发表时尚的人文批评可以给刊登评论的出版物增加色彩。【分解】句子的主干为:“We are … removed from … reviews （句子主干部分） … at a time （时间状语）… ”。细化分析：“published”过去分词短语修饰“reviews”，其后紧接“in England”与“between …”地点和时间状语。之后，“at a time”与“between”之间相互解释，“time”之后的“when”引导修饰其的时间定语从句。(02) (10-R-1) “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.” (43 words)?【译文】纽曼说，“具有才智或文学天赋让自己在新闻从业中面对困难坚持不懈的作家如此之少，以至于我总想把新闻业定义成一个“受贬低的术语”，即“不受读者喜爱作家对受读者喜爱作者的称呼”。【分解】句子的主干为:“So few … have … （主句主干部分） … that （引导结果状语从句）I am tempted to （从句部分的主谓）… ”。细化分析：整个句子只要理顺了“so … that”的倒装结构（前半部分是倒装的）就不难理解了。主句中，“to keep … journalism”不定式修饰“brains or gift”部分。从句中有“define … as”介词短语。最后，“of contempt”修饰“a term”，“applied …（to） …”也修饰“a term”。(03) (10-R-3) For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. (48 words)?【译文】然而，如果要发生社会流行现象，每个人在受到影响之后定会去影响自己的熟人，熟人再去影响他们的熟人，如此循环往复。有多少其他人关注这些处于传播网络的人群，与最初那个有影响力的源头关系不大【分解】句子的主干为:“… each person … must … influence … acquaintances …（第1个分句的主干部分）；（分号引出另一个分句） how many others pay attention … ?has …”。细化分析：在第1个分句中，“For … to occur”作目的状语，“however”插入语表达作者评价，“so affected”修饰“each person”，“who”引导非限制性定语从句修饰“acquaintances”。在第2个分句中，主语是一个由“how”引导的主语从句。(04) (09-R-3) Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development o