建筑设计与景观界面e Word 文档.docx

Design architecture and landscape interfaceAbstract:As borders between buildings and their natural surroundings become more permeable, experts see green surfaces and related features as functional components of building systems, with evolving standards, clearer metrics, and definable benefits.Nature has been prototyping designs far longer than humans have. And as architects strive to keep up with the rapidly evolving world of green-building standards, some of them are looking to exploit that experience by bridging the gap between nature and the built environment. The end goal: creating a functional interface between the two that improves building performance.Key word:Design architecture,natural surroundings,Systematizing Interface StandardsIn the second half of the 20th century, buildings and landscape became disconnected. Many architects saw nature as an unruly force to be excluded at all costs. Nonetheless, a small but vocal group maintained interest in the interplay of the built and natural environments. And today, architects increasingly see biomimetic and biophilic approaches as practical strategies.Contemporary systems that exemplify this interplay include green and blue roofs, green fa?ades, living greenwalls, porous pavements, and associated systems for managing water and soil. But putting these green machines to work isn’t plug-and-play; it calls for patient cost-benefit assessment. Well-deployed natural features can improve water management and thermal control and reduce operating costs, but they are not a panacea.“We have to break it down three ways,” says Signe Nielsen, a principal at the New York landscape architecture firm Mathews Nielsen. “We’ve got the up-front capital costs, the long-term maintenance cost, and then the long-term benefit to society.” In communications with clients, she recommends, “you ought to be prepared for developing an opinion on all three and backing it up with facts and dollars.” Specific metrics exist for irrigation, stormwat