八、公示语的翻译.ppt

八、公示语的翻译 （一）什么是公示语？ 公示语是指在公共场所向公众公示须知内容的语言，它包括标识、批示牌、路牌、标语、公告、警示等等。 公示语范围非常广泛，在英语里没有一个与之相对应的统称。为了方便起见，我们不妨把“公示语”翻译成 Environmental communication notices and signs 在英语里有许多分类的公示语名称： street signs, traffic signs, road signs, road markers, parking signs, school signs, no-smoking signs, construction signs … 旅游场所的公示语当然也是公示语的一个重要方面。 食品、饮料、药品、化妆品等包装上的一般性的简单的使用说明也应该算作公示语。 （二）公示语的分类 就内容而言，可分为四类： 1. 提示性（Information） 2. 指示性（Instructions） 3. 告示性（Notices） 4. 警告性（Warnings） 1. 提示性的informational notices: OUT OF ORDER NO VACANCIES SOLD OUT CYCLES FOR HIRE OR SALES CLEARANCE SALES STARTS TODAY NOTHING TO DECLARE 2. 指示性的instructive / directive / guiding notices: PLEASE QUEUE OTHER SIDE KEEP RIGHT DOGS MUST BE CARRIED THESE SEATS ARE APPRECIATED BY THE OLD AND INFIRM 3. 告示性的regulatory notices: NO SMOKING NO PARKING NO EXIT PLEASE DO NOT DISTURB PLEASE DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS DO NOT LEAN OUT OF THE WINDOW KEEP OFF THE GRASS EXAMINATIONS IN PROGRESS ADMISSION TO TICKET HOLDERS ONLY SHOPLIFTERS WILL BE PROSECUTED 4. 警告性warning notices: MIND YOUR HEAD MIND THE STEP FRAGILE BEWARE OF PICKPOCKETS DANGER 三、英语公示语的特点 语言简洁明了，正式规范。可用下面五个由字母C开头的单词来概括： concise, conventional, consistent, conspicuous, convenient 简洁、规范、统一、醒目、方便 英语公示语的语体比较正式，如： Offenders selling tobacco to minors will be fined. 不准向未成年人销售香烟，违者罚款。 We are authorized to demand proof of buyer’s age. 本店有权要求购烟者提供年龄证明。 下面这些例句显示了公示语和日常口语的对照： FEEDING ANIMALS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. You are not allowed to feed the animal. PENALTY FOR DROPPING LITRE ---- UP TO ￡100 FINE. You can be taken to court and made to pay ￡100 for dropping rubbish. NO THROUGH ROAD FOR MOTOR VEHECLES. There is no way out at the other end of this road for cars. CYCLISTS DISMOUNT HERE. Cyclists should get off their bicycles here. NO ADMISSION TO UNACCOMPANIED MINORS. Young people under 18 years old can only come if they are with an adult. 四、公示语的翻译 常采用三种不同的翻译方法： Adapt:参照英语中类似的表达方式进行适当 的更改/模仿; Borrow:借用英语中对应的表达方法; Create:在前两种情况都不存在的情况下，按照英语的习惯和思路进行创译。 可以归纳为A-B-C模式，即“模仿-借用- 创新