英语作业-中美农业政策比较.doc

Comparison of Sino-US agriculture subsidy policy Zhou Xianzhuo Abstract 2002, the United States enacted Farm Security and rural investment act go into effect formally. The federal government decided to increase the invest-ment to agriculture and subsidies. Therefore, it is necessary to study American agriculture subsidy policy to analysis Chinese agriculture subsidy policy, and put forward some recommendations to Chinese subsidy policy. Keywords: Agricultural subsidies; agricultural subsidy policy of the United States; the yellow box subsidy policy The main content of agricultural subsidy policy of the United States Commodity subsidies Commodity subsidies include 3 kinds of forms. It is the most basic Ameri-can agriculture subsidy means, these 3 forms are: a. Direct subsidies. Direct subsidy is one kind of green box policy. It is a fixed subsidy, and for which the production, prices of agricultural products do not linked up with. Farmers can predetermine the crop area and its yield. On the basis of this,Government provides with a fixed value to every kind of allowance commodity.This is one of the most basic subsidies. Government needed to support direct subsidy. b. Marketing balance loan Marketing balance loan subsidy is a minimum protection government provided, to ensure that the farmers can sell their agricultural products, the government provides farmers with balance loan to stated products. That is,the government predesignates various agricultural products lending rates, farmers in participation to apply for loans according to predetermined government borrowing rate, the guaranty is agricultural production in the further. After harvest, if the price farmers sold at the market is higher than the predetermined price, farmers sale their agricultural products at the market price to earn a profit, gover-nment gives allowance no longer; when the market price is lower than the lowest protective price, the difference between the two is the subsidy government gives