美陆军回归机械化战争107.doc

美陆军回归机械化战争张铁城 U.S. Army’s Return to Mechanized Warfare Kris Osborn May 21,?2016 THE BUZZ The National Interest The Army’s?“live-fire”?combat exercises involve large-scale battalion-on-battalion war scenarios wherein mechanized forces often clash with make-shift,?“near-peer”?enemies using new technologies,?drones,?tanks,artillery,?missiles and armored vehicles. The Army is expanding its training and“live-fire”?weapons focus to include a renewed ability to fight a massive,enemy force in an effort to transition from its decade-and-a-half of tested combat experience with dismounted infantry and counterinsurgency. Recent ground wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have created an experienced and combat-tested force able to track,attack and kill small groups of enemies -- often blended into civilian populations,?speeding in pick-up trucks or hiding within different types of terrain to stage ambushes. “The Army has a tremendous amount of experience right now. It has depth but needs more breadth. We’re good at counterinsurgency and operations employing wide area security. Now,?we may have to focus on Mounted Maneuver operations over larger distances,”Rickey Smith,?Deputy Chief of Staff,Training and Doctrine Command,?told Scout Warrior in an interview. (This first appeared in Scout Warrior here.) While senior Army leaders are quick to emphasize that counterinsurgency is of course still important and the service plans to be ready for the widest possible range of conflict scenarios,there is nonetheless a marked and visible shift toward being ready to fight and win against a large-scale modernized enemy such as Russia or China. The Army,?naturally,?does not single out these countries as enemies,?train specifically to fight them or necessarily expect to go to war with them. However,?recognizing the current and fast-changing threat environment,which includes existing tensions and rivalries with the aforementioned great powers,?Army training is increasingly focused on ensuring they are