粉条儿菜和肺筋草的考释.pdfVIP

植 物 分 类 学 报 44 (1): 100–107 (2006) doi:10.1360/aps040117 Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 粉条儿菜和肺筋草的考释 王锦秀 ( 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室 北京 100093) The botanical identification of Fentiao’er Cai and Feijin Cao in Chinese ancient literature WANG Jin-Xiu (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) Abstract In the majority of modern Chinese botanical literature, either Fentiao’er Cai, a Chinese name first appearing in Chiu Huang Pên Ts’ao, or Feijin Cao, a Chinese name first appearing in Chi-wu-ming-shi-t’u-K’ao, or both, have been used as the Chinese generic name of Aletris (Liliaceae). A comprehensive analysis of the descriptions, accompanying figures, morphology and geographical distribution of Fentiao’er Cai and Feijin Cao given in ancient Chinese literature and modern taxonomic literature has shown that Fentiao’er Cai should be Scorzonera albicaulis (Compositae), not Aletris japonica Lamb. (=A. spicata) as first proposed by Japanese botanists and then followed by most of the Chinese researchers, and that Feijin Cao should be Aletris scopulorum , not A. spicata . Key words Fentiao’er Cai (Scorzonera albicaulis), Feijin Cao (Aletris scopulorum), botanical identification, Chinese ancient literature. 摘要 现代植物学文献多将Aletris 中文名确定为粉条儿菜属,或粉条儿菜属与肺筋草属并用。本文根据 古籍中的图、文以及地理分布的考证,确认粉条儿菜一名最早见于《救荒本草》,实为菊科Compositae鸦 葱属Scorzonera植物。日本人最早将粉条儿菜鉴定为Aletris japonica Lamb. (=A. spicata),松村任三沿袭, 中国大多数植物分类学著作从之,这是错误的。首次记载于《植物名实图考》中的肺筋草才是Aletris 属 植物。《救荒本草》中的粉条儿菜应为华北鸦葱Scorzonera albicaulis Bunge, 《植物名实图考》中的肺筋 草应为Aletris scopulorum Dunn,而非A. spicata (Thunb.) Franch.