关于主谓语一致问题.docVIP

PAGE ９ 关于主谓语一致问题 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称上保持一致，这就叫做主谓语一致。语法上一致，意义上一致和就近一致是主谓语一致问题的三原则。 一、主语是复数，谓语动词用单数 1. 国名、人名、书名和组织机构等专用名词作主语，形式上是复数谓语动词用单数 The United States of America is one of the most developed countries in the world. The United Nations was founded in 1945. His selected poems was first published in 1965. Athens(雅典) is a city. (the capital of Greece) 2. 表示时间、金钱、距离和重量的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作是整体，谓语动词用单数。 Two hours is not long enough for this test. Two US dollars is a good enough price for this book. Six miles is quite a distance. 若侧重一个一个的个体，则谓语动词用复数。 Twenty years have passed since he was sent to prison. 3. 凡以-ics结尾表示科学名称的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Politics is n now taught in all schools. Physics was her major.( 专修棵) 4. one and a half + 复数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 One and a half days are all I can spare. 5. 有些用来表示有两个相同部分连成一体的名词作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。如； glasses, trousers, compasses, scissors, spectacles, shoes, clothes, chopsticks 等。 The scissors are sharp. The trousers are short for me. 但如果用 a kind of, a pair of, a series of 谓语动词的单复数有单位名词的单复数决定。 There is a pair of compasses on the table. There are two pairs of compasses on the table. 二、 主语是单数谓语动词用复数 1. 有些集体名词形式为单数，但意义为复数。 如： cattle, police, people, militia 等。 The cattle are grazing. Traffic police are always very busy. All the people of the world desire peace. 但 people 用作民族时，谓语动词用单数。 The Chinese is a great people. 2 有些以 -sh, -ese, -ch 结尾的表示国家，民族的形容词与the连用时，表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数。 The English like to be with their family at Christmas. The Chinese are kind and friendly. 当上述形容词用于语言时，谓语动词用单数。 French is spoken in many countries. 3. 某些形容词前加: the 表示一类人，其意义为复数。 如： the poor, the rich, the old, the young, the sick, the dead, the brave, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等。 The old are taken good care of. The rich get richer and the poor get poorer in many countries. 三、主语是复数，谓语动词依情况而定 1. 有些