环境正义问题论文：环境正义问题 包容性增长 社会正义.docVIP

【关键词】环境正义问题 包容性增长 社会正义 【英文关键词】Environmental justice inclusive growth social justice 环境正义问题论文：包容性增长视域下的中国环境正义问题研究 【中文摘要】20世纪后期,人类社会在相对稳定的环境中加速工业文明的进程,科学技术发展迅猛,成为新的生产力要素,人类掀起了更大规模的向自然索取物质财富的热潮,这种无限制的向自然索取的生产模式最终带来了生态环境恶化、物种灭绝等一系列问题。解决生态环境问题是全球的共识,但每个国家和个体都只能从自身利益和需求出发,在环境权利的分配和环境责任的承担方面无法达成有价值的一致。在环境保护的实践中和深层次的思考过程中,逐渐形成了环境正义的理念,这是对社会强势群体和弱势群体不公平的环境权利和环境义务的实质反映。建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会是我国“十二五”期间核心任务之一,其中的关键是要实现环境正义,即实现生产性的正义、环境权利的公平分配和环境义务的公平承担。包容性增长是为世界大部分国家认可的新的发展理念,强调公平和共享,要求国家之间、人与人之间要协同发展,要让发展的成果公平地惠及所有参与发展的人。包容性增长的理念和标准为实现环境正义提供了有益的指导,正义和共享是包容性增长和环境正义的共同要求。近些年来,我国多次发生的严重的破坏环境事件,是我国不同发展阶段环境正义问题的累积,其中有历史的因素,有全球化发展的因素,也有人与自然、人与人的非正义相处因素。其较深层次的原因可以归结为三个方面：发展价值理念、政府制度不合理及政绩评估片面、法制保障和公众参与的缺失。实现我国环境正义的具体措施有：完善环境法律和政策,体现包容性发展的人本核心；改革政府绩效考核体系,发挥政府弘扬正义的主导作用；健全环境公众参与制度,保障公民共享环境权利；创新污染者付费制度,实现发展和治理的协同性；加强公众环境正义教育,树立科学的消费观念。 【英文摘要】In the late twentieth century, human society speeded up the progress of industrial civilization in a relatively peaceful environment. Technology developed rapidly and became a new factor of production. The activities of human being to get more material wealth boomed. As a result, Ecological environment deterioration, species extinction and environmental pollution came into being.It抯 the common view of the globe to deal with the Ecological environment problems. However, every country considers it based on its own profits and demands. So, it抯 difficult to get a consistent agreement in the environment right distribution and environmental responsibility. During the practice of environmental protection and the deep thought of the problem, environmental Justice Theory is formed. It reflects the unfair environmental rights and duties between the strong group and disadvantaged group.To build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society is one of the main tasks of National Twelfth Five-Year Plan, the key of which is the realization of the environmental justice which means productive justice, the fair distribution of the environment rights and fai