桂林小花苣苔论文：桂林小花苣苔 快速繁殖 器官发生.docVIP

【关键词】桂林小花苣苔 快速繁殖 器官发生 【英文关键词】Chiritopsis repanda var guilinensis Rapid propagation Organ formation 桂林小花苣苔论文：桂林小花苣苔的快速繁殖及器官发生研究 【中文摘要】苦苣苔科植物种类繁多,全世界约有150属3700余种。而中国有56属463种,均属于苦苣苔亚科。桂林小花苣苔(Chiritopsis repanda var. guilinensis)是苦苣苔科小花苣苔属(Chiritopsis)小花苣苔(Chiritopsis repanda)的变种之一,是广西特有特有物种。通过本研究初期在桂林对桂林小花苣苔生物学特性进行的粗略调查,发现其主要分布在山体背阴处及山洞口附近的石灰岩基质上,有些生于干旱石岩壁间的缝隙,长势较差,且受病虫害严重。桂林小花苣苔受人类活动影响,种群数量减少,当前迫切需要建立起人工繁育和保护技术体系,以获得大规模的种苗和植物材料。本文以桂林小花苣苔的叶片为外植体,主要研究了桂林小花苣苔的扦插繁殖、快速繁殖及其器官发生。主要研究结果如下：1、建立了桂林小花苣苔快速繁殖体系：外植体消毒选用0.1%HgCl2,野生苗的叶片以消毒时间为6min的效果最佳,而盆栽苗的叶片最佳消毒时间为4min；从野生苗的叶片、盆栽苗的叶片及试管苗的叶柄、叶片、茎段五种材料中筛选出不定芽诱导的最佳外植体为试管苗叶片,其分化系数最高；以试管苗叶片为外植体,筛选出不定芽最佳诱导的的激素组合是6-BA和NAA,其分化系数和长势最佳；以试管苗叶片为外植体,诱导不定芽增值的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA0.1mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+蔗糖30/L+琼脂7g/L,增值系数为23.79：适宜的生根培养基是1/2MS+30g/L蔗糖+5g/L活性炭+琼脂7g/L,生根率为100%；移栽基质为腐殖土,其成活率最高,为90%。2、对桂林小花苣苔不定芽进行组织学观察,结果发现桂林小花苣苔的不定芽发生有两种发生方式,一是由离体叶片表皮细胞及其下面几层细胞直接产生不定芽,即直接不定芽发生；二是间接不定芽发生,外植体先脱分化形成愈伤组织,瘤状愈伤组织再分化形成不定芽原基,最后发育形成不定芽。3、对桂林小花苣苔不定根进行组织学观察,结果发现桂林小花苣苔的不定根原基起源于形成层细胞,属于诱导型。4、以桂林小花苣苔的全叶(无叶柄)为材料进行扦插繁殖,结果表明以粗河沙为基质的扦插效果最佳。 【英文摘要】Gesneriaceae has many varieties, including150genus and3700species in the world. And there are56genus and463species in China, which belong to Cyrtandroideae. Chiritopsis repanda var. guilinensis is one of the most rare species and endemic in Guangxi, which grew poorly in the shady side of hills and the limestone substrate near the cave, or in the dry gap between the drought stone walls, damaged by diseases and insects, according to a rough survey in Guilin. It is necessary to build a technology system of artificial breeding and protection to get the seeds and plants in quantity for the reducing population of Chiritopsis repanda var. guilinensis affected by human activities significantly.This study mainly researched cutting propagation, rapid reproduction and organ formation anatomy of the Chiritopsis repanda var. Guilinensis, using its leaves as explants. The results were as follows:1. Rapid reproduction system of Chirito