雅思阅读材料之改变世界的14个发明雅思阅读材料之改变世界的14个发明.docxVIP

智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读材料之改变世界的14个发明 Whats the greatest invention since sliced cheese? Wait: Why is sliced cheese so great in the first place? Here are 14 inventions that REALLY changed the world -- cheese not included. 自从切片奶酪问世以来，最伟大的发明是什么？等等：为什么切片奶酪如此伟大呢？以下是实实在在改变了世界的14个伟大发明——当然不包括奶酪。 Bicycle (1861) The French vélocipède, invented in 1861 by Pierre Marchaux, is widely considered to be the first true bicycle. There are a billion bicycles now worldwide, twice as many as automobiles. 自行车(1861年) 1861年法国的皮埃尔?马少克斯发明的vélocipède是公认的第一辆自行车。现在全世界有10亿辆自行车，数量是汽车的两倍。 Aspirin (1899) The first recorded use of Aspirin-like remedies goes back to nearly 500 BC when Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, wrote about treating such symptoms as headaches, pains, and fevers using willow bark and leaves -- which contain salicylic acid. The formula was perfected in 1899 by a French chemist who developed acetylsalicylic acid, which maintained the benefits of pure salicylic acid with less severe side effects. By 1899, Bayer was selling it around the world. 阿司匹林(1899年) 有记载的首次使用类似阿司匹林的药物要追溯到公元前500年左右，当时被称为“现代医学之父”的古希腊名医希波克拉底写道能用柳树皮和柳叶治疗头痛、疼痛、发烧等症状。柳树皮和树叶含有水杨酸。 1899年一位法国化学家完善了这一配方，研制出了乙酰水杨酸(即阿司匹林)，在保留纯水杨酸的功能的同时减少了副作用。到1899年拜耳公司已在世界各地广泛销售阿司匹林。 Wheel (3500-3350 BC) The invention of the wheel has been pivotal for technology in general, setting the foundation for future developments such as the water wheel, the cogwheel, and the spinning wheel. Modern descendants include the propeller, the jet engine, and the turbine. Pictured is the Wheel of the Etruscan chariot (ca. 530 BC) 车轮(公元前3500年到3350年) 车轮的发明对于技术的总体发展至关重要，为未来的进一步发展，如水车、齿轮、纺车的发明奠定了基础。车轮在现代的衍生物包括螺旋桨、喷气式发动机和涡轮机。图中是伊特鲁里亚双轮战车的车轮(约在公元前530年)。 Bra (Early 1900s) Mary Phelps Jacob was looking for an alternative to the ubiquitous and sometimes unsightly corset. She ended up creating a bra using a handkerchief and ribbon. Jacob was awarded a patent in 1914 and would later sell her business to Warner Brothers Corset Company for $1,500.