网络通信_ch6_数据通信接口.pptVIP

Bilingual CourseNetwork Communications网络通信(For Master Students in the Department of Electronic Engineering)Chapter 6 The Data Communications Interface 网络通信 * Outline of Chapter 6 The transmission of a stream of bits from one device to another across a transmission link involves a great deal of cooperation and agreement. One of the most fundamental requirements is synchronization. The receiver must know the rate at which bits are being received so that it can sample the line at require intervals to determine the value of each received bit. In asynchronous transmission, each character of data is treated independently. For large blocks, asynchronous transmission is used. Each block of data is formatted as a frame that includes a starting and an ending. For a device to transmit across a medium, it must be attached through some sort of interface. It defines not only the electrical characteristics of the signal but also the physical means of attachment and the procedures for sending and receiving bits of data. 网络通信 * §6-1 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission 说明 本节主要讨论信号的串行传输 假定每个信号元素表示一个bit 两个主要问题 噪声等传输损伤对接收数据的影响，可能导致出错; 时序问题，若发/收不精确一致，也可能出错，且这种时间上的不一致会积累. 网络通信 * 异步和同步传输 （1）异步传输 概念 In asynchronous transmission, each character of data is treated independently. Each character begins with a start bit that alerts the receiver that a character is arriving. The receiver samples each bit in the character and then looks for the beginning of the next character. 方法 The strategy with this scheme is to avoid the timing problem by not sending long, uninterrupted streams of bits. Instead, data are transmitted one character at a time, where each character is five to eight bits in length. Timing or synchronization must only be maintained within each character; the receiver has the opportunity to resynchronize at the beginning of each new character. 3）工作过程 （Please see Figure 6.1 in Page 176, E6, Next slide） 优缺点 优点：仅需一条信道，且传输距离较远； 缺点：额