Gestalt 教育心理学 英文.ppt

A vase or two faces? The classic Gestalt phenomenon is that of figure versus ground. Which is the image and which the background?  Definition Gestalt is a German word for form or shape. It is used in English to refer to a concept of wholeness .For example, a sentence has a Gestalt because it has a characteristic of its meaning which none of the individual words or letters have. Gestalt emphasizes that “the whole is greater than the sum of the parts”. Six Gestalt Principles Principle 1 - Proximity Characteristics of the Gestalt Learner Common Strengths of Gestalt Learners Challenges in Learning for Gestalt Learner will see the whole picture but might have difficulty breaking it down into a sequence of words in order to express what he sees Learner might have trouble explaining how he arrived at an answer once he’s solved it (such as in math problems when directed to show his work) Although he might quickly grasp the main idea, he may have great difficulty in communicating the details in a linear way (logical sequence of steps) Might have difficulty with fine motor activities Uses in human The gestalt laws are used in user interface design. The laws of similarity and proximity can, for example, be used as guides for placing radio buttons. They may also be used in designing computers and software for more intuitive human use. Examples include the design and layout of a desktops shortcuts in rows and columns. Gestalt psychology also has applications in computer vision for trying to make computers see the same things as humans do. * * * * * The principle of proximity states that things which are closer together will be seen as belonging together. Principle 2 - Similarity  The principle of similarity states that things which share visual characteristics such as shape, size, color, texture, value or orientation will be seen as belonging together. Principle 3 - Good Continuation The principle of continuity predicts the preference for continuous figures. We