英美文学的相关名词解释以及问答.doc

一．选择题 二．名词解释（5个） American Transcendentalism Transcendentalism was a group of new ideas in literature, religion, culture, and philosophy that emerged in New England in the early to middle 19th century. It is sometimes called American Transcendentalism. Emphasizing spirit and the Oversoul as the most important thing in the universe as a reaction against Newtonian concept of the universe, the direction that a mechanized, capitalist America was taking, and the popular tendency to get ahead in world affairs to the neglect of spiritual welfare. Stressing the importance of the individual and individual s capability for self-regeneration and self-perfection as a reaction against the Calvinist concept of human beings and the process of dehumanization that came in the wake of developing capitalism. Offering a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God. Nature was alive, filled with God’s overwhelming presence, the garment of the Oversoul, exerting a healthy and restorative influence on the human mind. Metaphysical poetry A loose group of British lyric poets of the 17th century, who shared an interest in metaphysical concerns and a common way of investigating them. The label metaphysical was given much later by Samuel Johnson in his Life of Cowley. These poets themselves did not form a school or start a movement; most of them did not even know or read each other. Byronic Hero The Byronic hero is an idealised but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron, characterised by his ex-lover Lady Caroline Lamb as being mad, bad and dangerous to know.[1] The Byronic hero first appears in Byrons semi-autobiographical epic narrative poem Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (1812-18). The precursor of socialist movement visualizing a new social order based on the regeneration of man and the virtue of love* Heroic couplet A heroic couplet is a tradtional form for English poetry, commonly used fo epicand narrative poetry; it refers to poems construc