八年级下广州沪教牛津Unit2语法：不定式.docx

八年级（下）英语Week 2——非谓语动词——动词不定式英语动词的非谓语形式为三种： 、 和 。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。?动词不定式的基本结构是 ，否定结构是 。一、用法不定式在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。（一）作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用 。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。如：It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：?(1) (2) ?(3) ?(4) 句式(1)中常用nice，?kind，?clever，?good，?right，?wrong，?foolish，?careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(2)中常用hard，?difficult，?easy，?important等形容词，与介词for搭配，说明不定式所表示动作、行为的性质。? [习题一]1.?Its?our?duty?_________?the?room?every?day.?(甘肃省)?A.?to?clean?B.?cleaned?C.?clean ?D.?cleans2.?Its?hard?for?us?_________?English?well.?(江西省)A.?learn? B.?Learns?C.?to?learn?D.?learning?3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。?(北京市海淀区)?It?will?_________?the?workers?over?a?year?_________?_________?the?flyover.4.?Its?very?nice?_________?you?to?get?me?two?tickets?_________?the?World?Cup.?(安徽省)?A.?for，?of? B.?of，?for ?C.?to，?for? D.?of，?to（二）作宾语：动词+to do sth1.一些常接不定式作宾语的动词：want,?decide,?hope,?ask,?agree,?choose,?learn,?plan,?need,?teach,?prepare等。?如：I?like?to?go?out?for?walks?in?the?warm?sunshine?in?spring.My?mother?hates?to?move?from?place?to?place,?for?she?feels?tired.?I?decide?to?work?hard?and?get?doctor’s?degree.??动词feel, find, make, think, know等后面，常用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语，it做形式宾语的句式： I find it difficult to remember everything. I feel it hard to make friends with him.既可接to do又可接ing作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词： like，love，dislike，hate，begin，start，continue，prefer注：有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。常见的有：?stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事stop?doing?sth.?.停止正在做的事try to do sth. 企图做，尽力做某件事try doing sth. 尝试着做某事（经常表示已经尝试过，但没有做成功）remember?to?do?sth.记住去做某事remember?doing.记得做过某事forget?to?do?sth.忘记去做某事forget?doing?sth.?忘记做过某事go on to do sth. 做完一件事后，继续做另一件事go?on?doing?sth.继续做同一件事mean to do sth 打算、准备做某事mean doing sth 意味着做某事[习题二]1.?He?wants?______?some?vegetables.?A.?buy?B.?buying?C.?to?buy?D.?buys?(山西省)?2.?Dont?forget?______?your?homework?with?you?when?you?come?to school.??(福建省)A.?to?