德国的整合性乡村更新规划与地方文化认同构建.docx

文章编号：10 09-60 0 0(2013)06-0 051-09中图分类号：TU984文献标识码：A作者简介：易鑫，东南大学建筑学院讲师；克里斯蒂安·施耐德（Christian Schneider），德国慕尼黑工业大学助理教授。德国的整合性乡村更新规划与地方文化认同构建Integrated Rural Development Strategy and Cultural IdentityCultivation in Germany易鑫克里斯蒂安·施耐德YI Xin Christian Schneider摘要:面对全球化和欧盟一体化的挑战，德国的乡村地区已经由历史上处于工业社会的边缘，发展成为与城市在经济、社会各个方面高度关联的地区。本文介绍德国近年来广泛推广的“整合性乡 村发展规划”，讨论通过乡村更新策略引导当地的文化认同构建和生活质量的提高，实现经济、 社会、文化和环境的协调发展。“整合性乡村发展策略”涉及到德国从联邦、联邦州到地方政 府层面在规划制度和政策之间进行协调，在此基础上，该策略将村镇建设、田地结构调整和乡 村地区基础设施建设进行综合协调并制定相关的规划，通过满足当地居民的经济、社会与文化 需求，加强居民的文化认同并促进生活水平的提高。文章将结合获得“2010 年巴伐利亚州乡 村与村镇发展 · 特别奖”的案例“在莱西河与维尔塔克河之间”，对相关的整合性乡村发展策 略及其方法进行分析，并讨论对中国乡村地区发展与规划工作的启示。关键词 :整合性乡村发展；文化认同；乡村规划；公众参与；德国Abstract: In face of the challenge from globalization and European unification, rural area in Germany has been integrated into the urban area in diversified economic and social relationships. This article will introduce German experience about “integrated rural development strategy”, which has been populated in Germany in recent years. This strategy focuses on the cultivation of local cultural identity and improvement of livability in rural area for the coordinated development among economic, social and cultural as well as ecological aspects. It relates policy coordination among different spatial levels of federal government, state and region as well as local municipality. The planning implementation of rural renewal, farmland structure optimizing as well as infrastructure development in rural area will be combined together for the cultural identification and life standard improvement by satisfying local citizens’ demands in economic, social and cultural aspects. This article will also discuss one project “Zwischen Lech und Wertach”, which was awarded with “special prize for rural renewal and development 2010” by Bavaria state government, to further discuss and summarize the German experience for the Chinese practice in contemporary rural development.Key words: integrated rural development; cultural identity; public pa