地理百科英语版.doc

3 Mountains of Africa 3.1 Kilimanjaro: Kilimanjaro Mountain is in NE Tanzania, near the border with Kenya. The highest mountain in Africa, it is an extinct volcano with twin peaks joined by a broad saddle. Coffee is grown on the immensely cultivated S slopes. 4 Human geography of Africa 4.1 Populations As of 2003, about 841 million people live in Africa. Of these, about 500 million live south of the Sahara. Almost three quarters of Africa’s population is descended from native African races. About 450 million are black Africans, or Negroes. The others, Pygmies and Khoisan peoples, are not very numerous. The vast majority of these people live south of the Sahara. Most of the population of northern Africa is made up of Arabs (approximately 80 million) and Berbers (approximately 20 million). About 4.5 million people of European ancestry live on the continent, mostly in northern and southern Africa. About 2.5 million people of Madagascar are considered Asian. Asians who live on the mainland are mostly from the country of India, number about 1 million, and live mostly in southern and eastern Africa. Most of the remaining people of Africa are of missed ancestry. 4.2 lifestyles About 34% (220 million) of Africa’s population lives in cities, suburbs, and large towns. However, this number is increasing rapidly. Still, the vast majority of Africans live in villages in rural areas. Most of these people raise crops and livestock. Village people live in small houses that are built according to the environment and tradition. For example, flat-roofed adobe houses are common in northern Africa. While popular southern houses have walls of sundries mud and sloping roofs covered by straws, grass, or leaves. Some rural people are nomadic herders or hunter /gatherers. The traditional clothing of Africans varies greatly. Northern people wear long, loose-fitting robes or shirts, turbans or skullcaps (men), and long, lightweight dresses and cloaks or shawls (women). In southern Africa t