翻译理论与实践第四单元.doc

Unit 4 Amplification Section One Amplification in E-C Translation Step One Introduction Purpose for adopting this technique: making the meaning complete in the TL Examples: Mary washes before meals. 洗手 Mary washes before going to bed. 洗脚/澡 Mary washes after getting up. 洗脸 Mary washes for a living. 靠洗衣度日 Mary washes in a restaurant. 洗碗碟 Step Two: Discussion 1 adding words omitted in the original (for purpose of syntax) 1) words omitted in parallel structure A fool and his words are soon parted, a man of genius and his money. 愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱。 Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few chewed and digested. 一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以狼吞虎咽；需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记（写作）使人准确 (精准)。 2) words omitted in comparative structure The footmen were ready to serve her as they were their own mistress. 仆人们愿意服侍她，就像他们愿意服侍他们的女主人一样。 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。 3) words omitted in elliptical answer Is this your book? Yes, it is. 这是你的书吗？是我的。 Are you tired? Not very. 你累了吗？不太累。 Shall I bring you a dictionary or an encyclopedia? Both, please. 给你带一本词典还是带一本百科全书？请把两样都带来。 Do you like sport? Yes, I do. 你喜欢体育运动吗？是的，我喜欢（体育运动）。 2 adding words for the purpose of rhetoric or meaning 1) adding verbs He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech. 他没有致闭幕辞就宣布结束会议。 After the football match, he’s got an important meeting. 在观看完足球赛之后，他有一个重要会议要参加。 There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and bouquets of flowers. 没有人发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也没有“普通中国人”挥舞纸旗、花束的场面。 2) adding nouns a) add a noun after an intransitive verb First you borrow, then you beg. 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。 Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer. 玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。 He ate and drank, for he was exhausted. 他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。 Day after day he came to his work – sweeping, scrubbing and cleaning. 他每天来干活——扫地、擦地板和收拾房间。 b) add a noun before an adjective