病毒性肠胃炎讨论会ForumonViralGastroenteritis.pptVIP

病毒性腸胃炎討論會Forum on Viral Gastroenteritis 生署 社會醫學顧問醫生 曾浩輝醫生 Dr Thomas Tsang Consultant Community Medicine Department of Health 病毒性腸胃炎Viral Gastroenteritis 腸胃炎指腸胃(包括小腸及大腸)發炎。若腸胃炎由病毒所引致，這稱為病毒性腸胃炎。Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines (both small and large). 病毒性腸胃炎Viral Gastroenteritis 在天氣涼的季節較為常見。It is more commonly found during cooler months of the year. 病毒性腸胃炎可由多種病毒引致，最常見的是諾沃克病毒及輪狀病毒。 Viral gastroenteritis is an infection caused by a variety of viruses. The most common viruses that cause gastroenteritis are Norwalk virus and rotavirus. 病毒性腸胃炎:最新情況Viral Gastroenteritis: Update 截止 十一月十七日，今年共有41宗由諾沃克類病毒引致的腸胃炎爆發，影響約1000人，大部份個案均發生於院舍，包括幼兒中心、學校及老人院。As of November 17, there were 41 reported cases of viral gastroenteritis caused by Norwalk-like virus, affecting about 1,000 persons and occurring in institutions like schools, child care centres and homes for the elderly. 在二○○二年，共有39宗，涉及892人。In 2002, there were 39 reported cases, involving 892 persons. 病徵Symptoms 病毒性腸胃炎的主要徵狀有: The main symptoms of viral gastroenteritis are: 腹瀉 (diarrhea)； 嘔吐(vomiting)； 其他症狀包括頭痛、發燒及腹痛；Other symptoms include headache, fever, and abdominal cramps; 症狀一般在染病後一至兩天開始出現，可持續一至十天，視乎致病病毒而定； In general, the symptoms begin 1 to 2 days following infection with a virus that causes gastroenteritis and may last for 1 to 10 days, depending on which virus causes the illness. 傳播途徑 Mode of transmission 病毒性腸胃炎具傳染性，任何年齡的人士都有機會染上此病，且易於安老院及學校等院舍環境出現及傳播；其傳播途徑包括：Viral gastroenteritis is contagious. People in any age group may be infected and it is particularly easy to occur and spread in institutional setting like residential care homes for the elderly or schools. It can be transmitted via the following means: 食用或飲用受病毒污染的食物或水； By food or water contaminated with the viruses 接觸患者的嘔吐物或糞便； By contact with vomit or faeces from infected persons; 接觸受病毒污染的物品；或 By contact with contaminated objects; or 經噴沫傳染。 By aerosol spread. 治療Treatment 治理方面，不論患者是成人或兒童，治療的主要目的同樣