北京化工大学材导重点修改最终版(原版为两福建同学整理) by khalilniu北京化工大学材导重点修改最终版(原版为两福建同学整理) by khalilniu.pdf

Module 1: 1-1Understand the following terms (a) engineering materials: a term often loosely used to define most materials that go into products and systems. (b) engineering materials technology: covers fields of applied science related to materials, materials processing(处理，加工), and the many engineering specialties （特性）dealing with materials, such as research and development, design, manufacturing, construction, and maintenance （维护，保持）. (c) materials: the matter of the universe which have properties that make them useful in structures, machines, devices(装置), products and systems. (d) materials science: (e) materials engineering: deals with the synthesis （合成）and used of knowledge in properties, processing and behavior, prepare, modify （修饰）, and apply materials to specific needs. (f) materials science and engineering: a major field of study, which involves the generation and application of knowledge relating the composition(构成), structure （结构）, and processing of materials to their properties and uses. (g) properties: describes the behavior of materials when subjected to some external force or condition. 1-5Understand the two terms, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) : products to determine their impact on the global environment. and Life Cycle Inventory (LCI); what in the main purpose of LCA? Dealing with the materials and processes involved in products in terms of cost and environmental impacts. 1-11What is the difference between design for assembly and design for disassembly? Design for assembly （装配）emphasizes(着重) easy product assembly by robots and other automated equipment; Design for disassembly is a concept that places recycling at the beginning or design stage of the materials cycle to ensure that waste going into municipal landfills will be minimized. 1-14How can the stage of recycling/disposal become the first stage in the materials cycle? Resurrection of material through recyling; 1-18Understand the terms of metals, alloys and powd