新SAT官方指南阅读第十三篇全解析新SAT官方指南阅读第十三篇全解析.pdf

官网网站： ________________________________________________________________ 新SAT官方指南阅读第十三篇全解析 ThispassageisadaptedfromThorHanson,Feathers.©2011byThorHanson.Scientistshave longdebatedhowtheancestorsofbirdsevolvedtheabilitytofly.Theground-uptheoryassumes theywerefleet-footedgrounddwellersthatcapturedpreybyleapingandflappingtheirupper limbs.Thetree-downtheoryassumestheyweretreeclimbersthatleaptandglidedamong branches. Atfieldsitesaroundtheworld,KenDialsawapatterninhowyoungpheasants,quail, tinamous,andothergroundbirdsranalongbehindtheirparents.“Theyjumped uplikepopcorn,” hesaid,describinghowtheywouldflaptheirhalf-formedwingsandtakeshorthopsintotheair. Sowhenagroupofgraduatestudentschallengedhimtocomeupwithnewdataontheage-old 5 ground-up-tree-downdebate,hedesignedaprojecttoseewhatcluesmightlieinhowbabygame birdslearnedtofly. KensettledontheChukarPartridgeasamodelspecies,buthemightnothavemadehis discoverywithoutakeypieceofadvicefromthelocalrancherinMontanawhowassupplying himwithbirds.Whenthecowboystoppedbytoseehowthingsweregoing,Kenshowedhimhis 10 nice,tidylaboratorysetupandexplainedhowthebirds’firsthopsandflightswouldbemeasured. Therancherwasincredulous.“Hetookonelookandsaid,inprettycolorfullanguage,‘Whatare thosebirdsdoingontheground?Theyhatetobeontheground!Givethemsomethingtoclimb on!’”Atfirstitseemedunnatural—groundbirdsdon’tliketheground?Butashethoughtaboutit 1 官网网站： ________________________________________________________________ Kenrealizedthatallthespecieshe’dwatchedinthewildpreferredtorestonledges,lowbranches, 15 orotherelevatedpercheswheretheyweresafefrompredators.Theyreallyonlyusedtheground forfeedingandtraveling.Sohebrough