西方文学中的人物姓名对英语词汇的影响.doc

The Influence of the Characters in Western Literature on English Vocabulary 西方文学中的人物姓名对英语词汇的影响  Abstract: In English vocabulary, there are many words which are evolved from people’s names. In western literature, there are numerous characters which are so delicately and vividly described that they leave a deep impression to the readers. Their names are also kept in mind and gradually gain their special meaning. The extended meanings of these names are closely related to their background, most of which are extended by the way of metonym and the result of extension concerns generalization or conversion. Therefore, to understand the meaning of those words, it is necessary for us to know the stories behind them. This thesis collects several famous names which have been commonized into common words from Bible, Greece and Roman mythology and other western literary works. It may provide a general idea about the influence of people’s names upon English vocabulary. Key Words: commonization; names; western literature; English vocabulary 摘要： 语言随着社会的发展而不断演变。在英语发展过程中。许多专有名词经过长期、广泛的使用最终转化为普通词语。而在这部分专有名词中，人名占据了很大比例。在西方的文学作品中，描写精彩，刻画细致而在人们心中留下深刻难忘印象的人物数之不尽。他们的名字也就因此而长久地留在了人们心中。这些名字，逐渐地根据原人物形象而被赋予了一个特定意义。于是一部分影响了英语词汇的形成，一部分直接成为了英语词汇列入了辞典。本文通过汇总一部分影响了英语词汇的文学作品人物，从而让我们对这两者关系有更深刻的认识，也能因此而对西方文学作品有更多了解，并能帮助我们理解某些词汇的构成，对我们扩大词汇量也是有所裨益的。 关键词：普通化；人物姓名；西方文学；英语词汇 Contents Abstract ……………….............................................................................................................1 摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………….2 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………...4 1 What Is Antonamasia……………………………………………………………………..….4 1.1 Brief Intoroduction of Antonomasia…………………………………………………...4 1.2 Two Categories of Antonomasia….………………………………………………...…4 2 The Process of Commonization ………………………………………………………….….5 2.1 Reasons for Commonization……………………………………………………..……5 2.2 Principles of Commonization……………………………………………………….…5 3 Characters in Different Literary Works ……………………………………………….…….6 3.1 Bibl