自动化专业英语_原文和翻译_P1U5.docVIP

A Types of DC Motors 直流电机分类 The types of commercially available DC motors basically fall into four categories: ⑴permanent-magnet DC motors, ⑵ series-wound DC motors, ⑶ shunt-wound DC motors, and ⑷compound-wound DC motors. Each of these motors has different characteristics due to its basic circuit arrangement and physical properties.[1] 现在可以买到的直流电机基本上有四种：⑴永磁直流电机，⑵串励直流电机，⑶并励直流电机，⑷复励直流电机。每种类型的电动机由于其基本电路和物理特性的不同而具有不同的机械特性。 Permanent-magnet DC Motors 永磁直流电机 The permanent-magnet DC motors, shown in Fig. 1-5A-1, is constructed in the same manner as its DC generator counterpart. The permanent-magnet DC motor is used for low-torque applications.When this type of motor is used, the DC power supply is connected directly to the armature conductors through the brush/commutator assembly. The magnetic field is produced by permanent magnets mounted on the stator. The rotor of permanent magnet motors is a wound armature. 永磁直流电机，如图Fig. 1-5A-1所示，是用与直流发电机同样的方法建造的。 永磁直流电机用于地转矩场和。当使用这种电机时，直流电源与电枢导体通过电刷/换向器装置直接连接。磁场由安装在定子上的永磁磁铁产生。永磁磁铁电机的转子是绕线式电枢。 This type of motor ordinarily uses either alnico or ceramic permanent magnets rather than field coils. The alnico magnets are used with high-horsepower applications. Ceramic magnets are ordinarily used for low-horsepower slow-speed motors. Ceramic magnets are highly resistant to demagnetization, yet they are relatively low in magnetic-flux level. The magnets are usually mounted in the motor frame and then magnetized prior to the insertion of the armature. 这种电机通常使用铝镍钴永磁合金或陶瓷永磁磁铁而不是励磁线圈。铝镍钴永磁合金用于大功率电机。陶瓷永磁磁铁通常用于小功率、低速电机。陶瓷永磁磁铁抗退磁性能高， 但它产生的磁通量较低。磁铁通常安装在电机外壳里边，在安装电枢前将其磁化。 The permanent-magnet motor has several advantages over conventional types of DC motors. One advantage is reduced operational cost. The speed characteristics of the permanent-magnet motor are similar to those of the shunt-wound DC motor. The direction of rotation of a permanent-magnet motor can be reversed by reversing the two power lines. 永磁电机相对于常规直流电机有几个优点。优点之一是减少了运行损耗。永磁电机的转速特