弱小目标红外探测系统的杂散辐射分析.pdfVIP

第42 卷第7 期 红外与激光工程 2013 年7 月 Vol.42 No.7 Infrared and Laser Engineering Jul.2013 弱小目标红外探测系统的杂散辐射分析 牛金星，张 涛 (华北水利水电学院机械学院，河南 郑州 450011) 摘 要 杂散辐射是指到达红外探测系统靶面的非目标成像的辐射能量。杂散辐射经过光电器件后 ，降 增加了系统的噪声 低了系统的输出信噪比，影响到红外探测系统对目标的探测能力。为了提高红 外探测系统对空间弱小目标的探测能力，分析了红外探测系统的杂散辐射来源；推导了不同地理纬 度、不同时刻下的红外探测系统太阳辐射入射角计算公式；分别计算了红外探测系统的太阳辐射、天 空背景、热辐射噪声等效电子数; 比较了杂散辐射噪声和探测器的固有噪声，分析了红外探测系统的 最小噪声极限，得出地基红外探测系统的背景噪声决定了系统的探测极限。 关键词 红外目标探测； 杂散辐射； 太阳辐射； 背景辐射 中图分类号 TN216 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1007-2276(2013) 07-1665-04 Analysis of stray radiation of infrared system to detect dim and small target Niu J inxing, Zhang Tao (Department of Mechanic , North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China) Abstract: Stray radiation refers to the unwanted radiation reached on the detector surface in infrared detection system. Stray radiation will add the system 忆s noise after photoelectric conversion, decrease the system 忆s output signal noise ratio, and reduce the system 忆s detection ability for space target. In order to improve the detection ability of infrared system for space dim and small target, the sources of stray radiation in infrared detection system were analyzed. The formula of the sun 忆s incident angle on infrared detection system at certain geographic latitude and time was deduced . The equivalent number of noise electrons from the sun, sky and the infrared detection system 忆s thermal radiation was calculated based on a typical system parameter. The noises arisen from stray