初中宾语从句讲解练习.docVIP

宾语从句的定义： 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。E.g. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 宾语从句的引导词有三类： (1) 以that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2) 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。从句是陈述语序 eg, Could you tell me whats the matter with u? I want to know how soon it will begin. (3) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 宾语从句的时态 (1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning. You are telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow? (2) 当主句为一般过去时态时， 从句要用于过去有关的时态。 eg, They asked what Jean was doing now . Linda said that the train had left. (3) 当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。 eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound. Polly said no news is a good news 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 1. 当从句做介词的宾只用whether eg, We are talking about whether well go on the picnic. 2. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? 在不定式前用whether。如： He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。 whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： Whether this is true or not，I cant say．这是否真的我说不上来。 引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如： Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。 若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如： Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为： b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether. eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting . .if引导否定概念的宾语从句时，这时不能用whether.He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday. .引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时，这时不能用whether.He talks as if he has known all about it. 宾语从句的否定转移：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expec