8动词的时态.docxVIP

动词的时态Ⅰ. 概述：时态从时间上划分为：现在时、过去时、将来时和过去将来时。从行为上又可以分为：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式。由此就得出英语中十六种时态。其中最常用的为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时。下面以work为例：一般式进行式完成式完成进行式现在workworksamis workingarehas workedhavehas been workinghave过去workedwas workingwerehad workedhad been working将来shall workwill workshall be workingwillshall have workedwillshall have been workingwill过去将来should workwould workshould be workingwouldshould have workedwouldshould have been workingwouldⅡ. 一般现在时一般现在时的构成：动词肯定式疑问式否定式beI amHe/She/It isWe/You/They areAm I…?Is he/she/it…?Are we/you/they…?I am not…He/She/It is notWe/You/They are not…workI workHe/She/It worksWe/You/They workDo I work…?Does he/she/it work…?Do we/you/they work…?I don’t work…He/She/It doesn’t workWe/You/They don’t work与一般现在时态常连用的时间状语。always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, every day, once a year。基本用法。表示现在时间内的习惯性或经常性动作。I get up at six o’clock every day. / It seldom snows here.表示现在时间的状况或特征。My grandma is healthy these years. / Lucy doesn’t like swimming.表示客观真理，科学事实以及客观存在。Light travels faster than sound.Ⅲ. 一般过去时一般过去时的构成。动词肯定式疑问式否定式beI wasHe/She/It was…We/You/They were…Was I/he/she/it…?Were we/you/they…?I/He/She/It was notWe/You/They were not…workI/He/She/It/We/You/They worked…Did I/he/she/it/we/you/they work…?I/He/She/It/We/You/They didn’t work…与一般过去时连用的时间状语。yesterday, last night, then, at that time, at that moment, just now, a few days ago…基本用法表示过去的动作。一般句中会有明显的表示过去的时间状语，或者上下文暗示。He served in the army from 1987 to 1991./ Who break the window?表示过去的状态。She was a teacher at that time.用于描述一些发生时间不清楚但肯定是过去发生的事情。I was happy to hear from you./ I thought you were out.Ⅳ. 一般将来时一般将来时的构成人称肯定式否定式疑问式第一人称I/We will/shall work…I/We will/shall not work…Will/Shall/ I/We work…?第二人称You will work…You will not work…Will you work…?第三人称He/She/It/They will work…He/She/It/They will not work…Will he/she/it/they work…?一般将来时常连用的时间状语。tomorrow, next week, in a few days…基本用法表示将来的动作。He will get home on time.表示将来的状况。He will be twenty next year.表示一种倾向或者习惯性的动作。The shop won’t be open until nine./ Ch