清华大学货币银行学讲义（考研必备）ch2.pptVIP

Ch2. money its measurement Understand: Brief history of money What money is ? Definition of money Functions of money/Money economy VS. barter economy Measurement of money The reasons of existence of money: theoretically analysis Monetary institution 货币制度 2.1 The brief history of money Money in remote past: shells, fur, rice, livestock Bronze age (w 3000，China 4000years) bronze currency of China, “pond”, lira ： Silver, gold, copper Special cases: tobacco of North A, corn, alcohol, cigarette of P.O.W camp in WW2 Emerge of the paper currency Goldsmith of Europe moneychanger Credit money 2.2. Definition of Money Unit or an object conforming to a reasonable degree to some standard of uniformity, which is employed for reckoning or for making a large proportion of the payment customary in the community concerned, and which is accepted in payment largely with the intention of employing it for making payments. (Paul Einzin, Primitive Money, Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1966 ,pp37) Characteristics of money “acceptability ” . What make money is universally acceptable is an interesting question which has fascinated economists over the years. The important that we must draw from this ‘acceptability’ criterion is that it does not provide a timeless definition of ‘money’. Acceptability criterion means that “money” continues to change stability in its value ： money’s ability to function as a store of value does not rely so heavily upon its general acceptability but requires another characteristic which may also be important in making it acceptable。 This is stability in its value。 Divisible(易于分割):Divisibility provides that money is available in a variety of denominations to allow large and small transactions.货币应有可分性，使其可方便地用于大额和小额的交易。中国历史上的铜钱 4. Easily verifiability, Discernible：Easily to discern false from the genuine 5. Durability可储藏性, or lack of perishability, permits money to be held over long periods of time and helps ensure that it can function as a basis for deferred